Explanation

Photosynthesis splits water molecules (H2O) into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen ions (H+), releasing oxygen as a byproduct.

This process is essential for life on Earth, as it provides the oxygen that supports aerobic respiration in most living organisms.

Explanation

According to the kinetic molecular theory, the pressure exerted by a gas is caused by the bombardment of gas molecules on the walls of the container.

The gas molecules are in constant motion, colliding with each other and the container walls, resulting in a force exerted on the walls.

This force is what we experience as pressure.

Explanation

The critical velocity (vc) is the minimum velocity an object must have to orbit the Earth without falling to the ground.

It is given by the formula:

vc = √(gR)

where:

• g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s²)
• R is the radius of the Earth (approximately 6,371 kilometers)

Explanation

A Bunsen burner is made more stable by increasing its base area, which lowers its center of gravity and makes it less likely to tip over.

This is a common design principle in engineering, where a wider base provides greater stability.

Explanation

To calculate the molarity, we need to calculate the number of moles of sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolved in 500 cm³ (or 0.5 L) of solution.

Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol

Number of moles = mass / molar mass = 40 g / 58.44 g/mol ≈ 0.684 mol

Molarity = number of moles / volume (in liters) = 0.684 mol / 0.5 L ≈ 1.368 M

Rounded to one decimal place, this is approximately 1.4M.

Explanation

• Plasma is a state of matter where atoms or molecules are ionized, meaning they have lost or gained electrons, resulting in a collection of charged particles.
• Plasma is often referred to as the fourth state of matter.
• It is the lightest form of matter, as the particles are highly energetic and widely spaced.

Explanation

• Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by the vapor of a liquid in equilibrium with its solid or liquid phase.
• As temperature increases, the molecules of a liquid gain kinetic energy and move more rapidly.
• Increasing the number of molecules that escape into the vapor phase, thereby increasing the vapor pressure.

Explanation

• The nucleon number (mass number) of Potassium is 39, and the atomic number (number of protons) is 19.
• To find the number of neutrons, subtract the number of protons from the nucleon number:
• 39 (nucleon number) - 19 (proton number) = 20
• So, the number of neutrons in Potassium-39 is 20.

Explanation

• The period of rapid growth and development is called adolescence.
• This stage typically involves significant physical, emotional, and cognitive changes as individuals transition from childhood to adulthood.

Explanation

• Organic solvents are not a typical factor that affects enzyme activity.
• In fact, many enzymes are denatured or inactivated in the presence of organic solvents.
• As they can disrupt the enzyme's native structure and function.