Explanation

• In Anaphase-II of meiosis, the centromeres shorten and the paired chromatids (sister chromatids) are pulled away from one another, moving to opposite poles of the cell.
• This is the stage where the genetic material is finally separated, and each pole receives a complete set of chromosomes.

Explanation

Deforestation is the permanent removal of forests, usually as a result of human activities like logging, agriculture, urbanization, and mining.

It leads to the loss of habitats, biodiversity, and ecosystem services, as well as contributing to climate change.

Explanation

Biogeography is the study of the distribution of living organisms across different regions of the world.

Including the factors that influence their distribution.

Such as geography, climate, geology, and evolutionary history.

Explanation

Latent heat of vaporization is the energy required to change a liquid into a gas (or vice versa) without changing its temperature.

Latent heat of fusion is the energy required to change a solid into a liquid (or vice versa) without changing its temperature.

Explanation

Steel is more elastic than rubber, glass, and wood.

Elasticity refers to the material's ability to return to its original shape after being deformed.

Steel has a higher modulus of elasticity (Young's modulus), meaning it can withstand greater stress and still return to its original shape.

Explanation

• In the evaporation process, liquid molecules gain energy and move faster.
• It allowing them to escape from the surface of the liquid into the surrounding air.
• This occurs when the molecules have enough energy to overcome the intermolecular forces holding them to the surface.

Explanation

• Intermolecular forces are weaker than ionic or covalent bonds.
• Intermolecular forces are the attractive forces between molecules.
• While ionic and covalent bonds are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule.

Explanation

• Synthetic resins are used in places where adhesion is required.
• They provide strong bonding properties, making them ideal for coatings, glues, and composite materials.

Explanation

• In Rutherford's famous experiment, known as the "Gold Foil Experiment" or "Rutherford's Scattering Experiment", a thin layer of zinc sulphide (ZnS) was used as the screen to detect the scattered alpha particles.
• Zinc sulphide is a phosphor that emits light when struck by radiation, allowing Rutherford to visualize the trajectory of the alpha particles.

Explanation

• Electronic configuration refers to the distribution of electrons within an atom or molecule.
• It shows how the electrons are arranged in different energy levels (shells) and sublevels (orbitals) around the nucleus.