LA | MCQs

Explanation

Comprehensive paragraph: For an infant just beginning to interact with the surrounding world, it is imperative that he quickly become proficient in his native language. while developing a vocabulary and the ability to communicate using it is obviously an important step in this process, an infant must first be able to learn from the various streams of audible communication around him. To that end, during the course f even the first few months of development, an infant will begin to "absorb" the rhythmic patterns and sequences of sounds that characterize his language and will begin to differentiate between the meanings of various pitch and stress changes. however, it is important to recognize that such learning does not take place in a vacuum. infants must confront these language acquisition challenges in an environment where, quite frequently, several streams of communication or noise are occurring simultaneously. Consider, for example, an infant being spoken to by his mother, Before he can learn from the nuances of his mother's speech, he must first separate that speech from the sounds of the dishwasher, the family dog, the bus stopping on the street outside, and quite possibly background noise in the form of speech: a newscaster on the television down the hall or siblings playing in an adjacent room. How exactly do infants wade through such a murky accumulation of audible stimuli? While most infants are capable of separating out two different voices despite the presence of additional, competing streams of sound, this capability is predicated upon several specific conditions, first, Infants are better able to learn from a particular speech stream when that voice is louder than any of the competing streams of background speech when voices are of equal amplitude, infants typically demonstrated little preference towards one stream or the other. Most likely, equally loud competing voice streams, for the intent, become combined into a single stream that necessarily contains unfamiliar patterns and sounds that can quite easily induce confusion. Secondly, an infant is more likely to a particular voice stream if it is perceived as more familiar than another stream. When an infant, for example, is presented with a voice stream delivered by an unfamiliar voice, usually he can easily separate out her voice from the distraction of the background stream. By using these simple yet important cues an infant can become quite adept at concentrating on a single single stream of communication and, therefore, capable of more quickly learning the invaluable characteristics and rules of his native language. 

Question:  

The word 'absorb' most nearly refers to:

 A) environmental awareness

 B) language aptitude 

C) Acquisition of Knowledge

 D) Intent perception 

 Question: 

The phrase 'predicated upon several specific conditions' is used by the author to suggest that: 

A) most infants have trouble separating out stimulant simultaneous streams of speech 

B) only in rare instances do these required conditions occur 

C) an infant's language acquisition ability is entirely dependent upon his environmental  

D) infants are not always able to learn from their surrounding environment 

Question:

 The author uses the word "necessarily order to suggest that: 

A) it is inevitable that two streams of speech are more confusing than one  

B) even adults can have trouble distinguishing between streams of equal volume 

C) infants always combine separate streams into a single sound 

D) an individual stream understandably changes character when mixed with another 

Question: 

 The example in the last paragraph is used to illustrate how: 

A) an Infant who spends little time with his parents would probably have trouble with language at which Language acquisition 

B) An infant in constant vocal interaction with his parent could experience accelerated language acquisition 

 C) Eliminating familiar voices from an infants environment can facilitate language acquisition 

D) NONE

Question: 

Then a meteor collides with the Earth's environment the resulting friction causes the meteor to heat up and partially vaporize. its Luminous vapor trail that lasts for a few seconds. A meteor that reaches the Earth's surface is called Meteorite. Meteorites are Extremely valuable to scientists because they are samples of the actual cosmetic material The main topic of the passage A) Vaporization of the Meteor 

B) The Earth's atmosphere 

C) Meteor and meteorite  

D) Scientist concern: the cosmetic material

ND5-07-2023

Explanation

Read the following passage and choose the best answer

Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and accepted by a majority of the speakers of a language in any situation regardless of the level of formality. As such, these words and expressions are well-defined and listed in standard dictionaries.

Colloquialisms, on the other hand, are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speakers of a  language and used in informal speech or writing but are not considered acceptable for more formal situations. Almost all idiomatic expressions are colloquial language. Slang,  however,  refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as appropriate formal usage by the majority. Colloquial expressions and even slang may be found in standard dictionaries but will be so identified. Both colloquial usage and slang are more common in speech than in writing.

Colloquial speech often passes into standard speech. Some slang also passes into standard speech, but other slang expressions enjoy momentary popularity followed by obscurity. In some cases, the majority never accepts certain slang phrases but nevertheless retains them in their collective memories. Every generation seems to require its own set of words to describe familiar objects and events.

It has been pointed out by a number of linguists that three cultural conditions are necessary for the creation of a large body of slang expressions. First, the introduction and acceptance of new objects and situations in the society; second, a diverse population with a large number of subgroups; third, the association among the subgroups and the majority population. Finally, it is worth noting that the terms ''standard", "colloquial”, and "slang” exist only as abstract levels for scholars who study the language. Only a tiny number of speakers of any language will be aware that they are using colloquial or slang expressions. Most speakers of English will, during appropriate situations, select and use all three types of expressions.

***********

Question: Which of the following topics is the passage primarily concerned?

A. Standard speech.   

B. Idiomatic phrases.

C. Dictionary usage.   

D. Different types of vocabulary.

***

The word " appropriate" could best be replaced by:

A.old  

B. correct  

C.important  

D.large

********

The author mentions all of the following as requirements for slang expressions to be created EXPECT:

A.a number of linguists   

B. a new generation

C. interaction among diverse groups  

D. new situations

***

How is slang defined by the author?

A: words and phrases accepted by the majority for formal usage

B: words and phrases understood by the majority but not found in standard dictionaries

C: words aand phrases that are understood by a restricted group of speakers

D: words and phrases understood by a large number of speaker but not accepted as formal usage

Explanation

To show the white feather: a symbol of cowardice.  بزدلی ظاہر کرنا 

Explanation

To give currency: To make something seem more credible or probable, perhaps by providing additional information or details.

Explanation

The sentence should be: "If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam."

This is a third conditional sentence used for hypothetical situations in the past.

Explanation

"I don't understand this sentence. What does this word mean?"

مجھے یہ جملہ سمجھ نہیں آیا۔ اس لفظ کا کیا مطلب ہے؟

"Does this word mean" correctly forms a question asking for the definition of the word.

Explanation

"let me tell you it will not"

"میں آپ کو بتاتا ہوں کہ ایسا نہیں ہوگا"

"Will" accurately conveys a strong certainty that light will not come.

Explanation

It was raining heavily yesterday, so they did not go out.

کل موسلا دھار بارش ہو رہی تھی اس لیے وہ باہر نہیں نکلے۔

***

"did not go" effectively communicates that they remained indoors because of the rain.

Explanation

By the time he was thirty, he had won many tournaments."

جب وہ تیس سال کا تھا، اس نے بہت سے ٹورنامنٹ جیت لیے تھے۔"

***

"had won" is used in this sentence to convey the past perfect tense. 

This sentence, "By the time he was thirty" establishes a point in the past.

The action of winning tournaments ("had won") is placed before this past point in time

Explanation

• The sentence should read: "To his horror, he found that he had slept for nearly 24 hours."
• The use of the past perfect tense (had slept) indicates that the action of sleeping started in the past and continued up to the point in the past when he found out how long he had been asleep.