Explanation

The best measure to avoid guessing in a structured test is indeed to use completion items.

Completion items require test-takers to provide a complete answer rather than selecting from multiple options, thus reducing the possibility of guessing compared to multiple-choice items.

Explanation

Test item cannot discriminate low achievers and high achievers effectively when its value is lower than 0.30.

Explanation

Identifying relationships between two things is demonstrated by "Matching Item."

In a matching item, test-takers are required to pair items or statements from one column with corresponding items or statements from another column based on specified relationships or criteria.

This format allows for the assessment of the ability to recognize connections or associations between related concepts or items.

Explanation

The quality of a test measuring what it intends to measure is called "Validity."

Validity refers to the extent to which a test accurately assesses the construct or concept it is designed to measure.

It ensures that the test results provide meaningful and relevant information about the intended target, thereby supporting the interpretation and use of the test scores.

Explanation

Rewarding virtuous behaviors and presenting high character models in the schools is the most effective method of character formation.

This approach reinforces positive behavior and provides students with practical examples of good character.

Explanation

• The project method of teaching is an outstanding contribution of pragmatism.
• It emphasizes learning through hands-on projects and real-world problem-solving.
• It aligning with the pragmatic focus on practical experience and application.

Explanation

• According to Immanuel Kant, goodwill is of intrinsic value.
• Kant views goodwill as valuable in itself, regardless of the outcomes it produces.
• Because it is driven by moral duty and intentions.

Explanation

• The origin of the word "Education" is ‘E’ and ‘Catum’.
• It derives from the Latin "educare" (to rear or bring up) and "educere" (to lead out or draw forth).

Explanation

• The school that maintained self-expression with cries of “no interference” and “no restraints” is the Extreme form of Naturalism.
• This approach emphasizes unrestricted freedom and minimal constraints on a child's natural development and expression.

Explanation

• The nineteenth-century founder of Existentialism was Søren Kierkegaard.
• He is known for his emphasis on individual experience and personal choice as central to understanding human existence.