Pediatrics | MCQs

Explanation

• A newborn infant has about 300 bones.
• It fuse to form the 206 bones typical in adults.
• The human skull has 22 bones.
• The hand contains 27 bones.

Explanation

• About Hemoglobin

• Transportation of oxygen is the function of hemoglobin.

• Iron is essential for the formation of hemoglobin.

• Hemoglobin molecule exhibits structural organization of proteins Quaternary Structure.

• Defeciency of Pyridoxine decreases hemoglobin production.

• Heme in haemoglobin is Protoporophyrin IX.

• Infants acquire adult hemoglobin level at End of first year.

• Ferric ion is not a part of hemoglobin molecule.

• Haemoglobin is found dissolved in the plasma.

Explanation

The most likely diagnosis is Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD).

A premature systolic murmur on the left side with normal heart sounds is characteristic of VSD.

It often presents with a systolic murmur due to turbulent blood flow through the defect.

Explanation

IMNCI provides health care to children up to 5 years of age.

It aiming to reduce preventable mortality and promote healthy growth by addressing major causes of illness and morbidity.

Explanation

Rickets is a condition that affects children, causing softening and weakening of bones due to a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus.

This leads to bowed legs, stunted growth, and other skeletal deformities.

Explanation

• The period of rapid growth and development is called adolescence.
• This stage typically involves significant physical, emotional, and cognitive changes as individuals transition from childhood to adulthood.

Explanation

• Marasmus is a severe form of protein-energy malnutrition that affects infants and young children, typically under the age of 5.
• It is characterized by wasting of fat and muscle, stunted growth, and developmental delays.

Explanation

• Iodine deficiency can cause mental retardation in children.
• Particularly if the deficiency occurs during fetal development or early childhood.
• This is because iodine is essential for brain development and thyroid function.