Chromosomes | MCQs

Explanation

Acrocentric chromosomes are chromosomes with one arm (p arm) that is significantly shorter than the other arm (q arm).

The p arm is often very small, and may be barely visible, while the q arm is much longer.

Examples of acrocentric chromosomes include chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22 in humans.

Explanation

Chromosomes are thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

They carry genetic information and ensure its accurate distribution during cell division.

Explanation

Chromatids are the two genetically identical copies of a chromosome that are joined at the centromere.

They are made up of chromatin and contain the same genetic information.

During cell division, the chromatids separate, and each becomes a separate chromosome.

Explanation

Homologous pairs are chromosomes that are similar in shape, size, and genetic content, and contain the same genes in the same order.

They are pairs of chromosomes that are inherited one from each parent.

They are responsible for determining the traits and characteristics of an organism.

Explanation

The centromere is the region where the two chromatids (sister chromatids) are attached to each other.

It serves as a constricted region that holds the chromatids together until they separate during cell division.

Explanation

Chromosomes are thread-like structures that appear during cell division, specifically during the prophase stage of mitosis or meiosis.

They are made up of condensed chromatin and carry genetic information from one generation of cells to the next.

Explanation

Chromosomes are made up of:

• Nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
• Proteins (histones and non-histone proteins)