Explanation

General intelligence is a term that consists of a variety of cognitive talents.

These skills enable people to learn new things and solve issues.

This broad mental capacity underpins specialised mental talents in spatial, mathematical, mechanical, and linguistic skills.

Explanation

Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer.

His political philosophy influenced the progress of the Age of Enlightenment throughout Europe.

French Revolution and the development of modern political, economic, and educational thought. 

Born: June 28, 1712, Switzerland

Died: July 2, 1778 France

Explanation

Observing real-life exposure to actual violence can lead to an increase in aggression.

This is because witnessing violence can desensitize individuals to aggressive behavior,

making them more likely to engage in aggressive actions themselves.

Additionally, exposure to violence can also serve as a model for aggressive behavior, as individuals may imitate what they see.

Explanation

Sigmund Freud developed a set of theories that have formed the basis of the psychodynamic approach.

There are some assumptions in psychodynamic theory,

such as behavior and feelings of an adult, including the mental health issues are rooted in childhood experiences, etc.

Explanation

He developed a theory of two types of society,

the militant and the industrial,

which corresponded to this evolutionary progression.

Explanation

The application of psychological theories, methods and techniques to solve practical human problems describes an area of psychology known as  Applied psychology

Applied psychology is the use of psychological methods and findings of scientific psychology to solve practical problems of human and animal behavior and experience. 

Explanation

Darwin’s theory of  natural selection argued that physiological characteristics evolve because they are useful to the organism.

Explanation

Alfred Adler was the founder of the school of individual psychology.

He was an Austrian medical doctor, psychotherapist.

Individual psychology does not mean to focus on an individual.

Explanation

Somniloquy or sleep talking is a kind of sleep disorder.

It refers to talking aloud during sleep.

A person who sleeps talks is unaware of the fact that he/she talks while sleeping

Also unaware about what he/she is exactly talking about.

It is very common and usually not considered a medical problem.

Explanation