Explanation

Non-formal education is often delivered through flexible, distance-learning methods, where learners can study independently.

It provides opportunities for education outside traditional classroom settings, often aimed at adults or specific community groups.

Explanation

John Dewey was an American philosopher.

John Dewey believed that education is inherently social, emphasizing that learning occurs through interaction with others in a community setting.

He viewed education as a process that prepares individuals to engage meaningfully in society.

Explanation

The Concept Attainment Model involves learning through comparison, classification, and hypothesis testing based on examples.

The stages include confrontation with a task, inquiry, and transfer of knowledge to new situations.

Explanation

Vertical classification involves hierarchies, where each level increases in complexity, like from simple to advanced categories.

It is commonly used in taxonomy, education levels, and organizational charts to show structure from top to bottom.

Explanation

Learning objectives define what students are expected to know, understand, or do after instruction — making them the foundation of curriculum design.

All other elements like content, teaching methods, and assessment are aligned to these objectives.

Explanation

Feedback is a supportive communication tool in assessment that encourages growth, trust, and collaboration between teacher and learner.

It is typically non-threatening and focuses on improvement, not judgment, making it key to effective learning.

Explanation

• Aristotle disagreed with Plato's belief that ideas, or forms, are the ultimate reality.
• Instead, he believed that the physical world, as experienced through the senses, is the real world.

Explanation

The guidance and counseling process is systematically structured into five key phases:

1. Attending: Building trust and rapport with the client.
2. Exploring: Identifying issues, needs, and strengths through dialogue.
3. Goal Setting: Defining clear, achievable objectives.
4. Intervention: Implementing strategies (e.g., career assessments, skill-building).
5. Finalization: Reviewing progress and concluding the process.

Explanation

Explanation

Robert Gagné’s instructional model divides teaching into four main events: presenting stimulus, guiding learning, eliciting performance, and providing feedback.

It emphasizes a structured sequence for effective teaching and learning processes.