Explanation

Autorefractor is used to measure refractive errors in the eye.

Ophthalmic Tomography (OCT) helps detect cornea and lens obstructions.

Explanation

"Lying" is a present participle of the verb "lie," used as an adjective to describe "witness."

Participle adjectives are verb forms that function as adjectives (e.g., "running water," "broken glass").

Explanation

Cumulus clouds are fluffy, white clouds with a deep color at the base and are found near the Earth's surface.

They usually indicate fair weather but can develop into storm clouds (cumulonimbus).

Explanation

Personification is a literary device where human qualities are given to non-human things.

In "The leaves wave in the wind," the leaves are described as "waving," which is a human action.

Explanation

Azerbaijan declared independence from the Soviet Union on August 30, 1991.

It was officially recognized as an independent state on October 18, 1991.

Baku is the capital of Azerbaijan.

Explanation

Goose: ایک قسم کا پرندہ، ہنس

Note: Plural of goose is geese.

A flock is the correct collective noun for geese.

The sentence correctly refers to a group of geese flying over the lake.

Explanation

Common sense refers to practical judgment that helps people navigate complex or chaotic situations.

It enables individuals to function effectively by applying basic reasoning and experience.

Explanation

Bertrand Russell was a British philosopher, logician, and social critic.

Bertrand Russell believed that punishment alone is not an effective method to correct unhealthy habits in children.

He emphasized understanding, reasoning, and proper guidance instead of strict punishment.

Explanation

Cottage industries are small-scale industries that require low capital.

They are often run from homes.

Examples include handicrafts, pottery, weaving, and embroidery.

Explanation

"Sarah’s bowl of noodles" functions as a noun phrase because it acts as a single unit referring to a thing (the bowl).

A noun phrase consists of a noun and its modifiers, which in this case are "Sarah’s" (possessive) and "of noodles" (prepositional phrase).