Explanation

CH3-CH2- is the ethyl radical.

The ethyl radical is a functional group derived from ethane (C2H6) by removing a hydrogen atom.

It leaving a highly reactive species with an unpaired electron.

Explanation

Lenses form images through Refraction.

It bends light to focus it on a point, creating an image.

Explanation

A NOT gate, also known as an inverter.

It is a digital logic gate that negates the input signal.

If the input is "1", the output will be "0".

If the input is "0", the output will be "1".

The truth table for a NOT gate is:

Input | Output

-----|------

0 | 1

1 | 0

Explanation

When electrons move from low to high potential, they lose energy as they move against the electric field.

This results in a decrease in their kinetic energy, making them slower.

In contrast, when they move from high to low potential, they gain energy and speed up.

Explanation

Citric acid is a natural preservative and flavoring agent that is commonly used in foods and beverages to add a sour taste.

It is particularly useful in cold drinks, such as:

• Soft drinks (e.g., lemon-lime soda)
• Fruit juices (e.g., orange, grapefruit)
• Sports drinks
• Energy drinks

Explanation

Oxygen (O2) is not a greenhouse gas.

Greenhouse gases are gases in the Earth's atmosphere that absorb and emit radiation, trapping heat and contributing to the Greenhouse Effect.

The main greenhouse gases are:

• Carbon dioxide (CO2)
• Methane (CH4)
• Nitrous oxide (N2O)
• Water vapor (H2O)
• Ozone (O3)
• Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
• Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
• Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)

Explanation

Color blindness, specifically red-green color blindness.

It is a condition where a person has difficulty perceiving certain colors, particularly red and green.

Explanation

A cathode ray is a stream of electrons that are emitted from a cathode (negative electrode) in a vacuum tube.

These electrons carry a negative charge, as they are negatively charged particles.

Explanation

Aldoses are carbohydrates that contain an aldehyde group (-CHO) in their molecular structure.

The aldehyde group is a functional group that contains a carbon-oxygen double bond and a hydrogen atom.

Examples of aldoses include glucose, galactose, and ribose.

Explanation

• The general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2, where n is the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.
• This formula represents the saturated hydrocarbons, also known as paraffins.

Key Points:

• CnH2n is the general formula for alkenes
• CnH2n+1 is the general formula for alcohols