Explanation

• A population is a localized group of organisms that belong to the same species and live in a specific geographic area.
• It is a unit of evolution, and its members share a common gene pool.

Explanation

Acetic acid is the main component of vinegar.

It is a liquid made by fermenting the natural sugars found in fruits, grains, and other food sources.

Vinegar is typically made from apples, grapes, or other fruits, and it contains approximately 4-6% acetic acid by volume.

Explanation

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is the primary molecule that encodes genetic information in cells.

It is a long, double-stranded helix made up of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of genetic information.

Explanation

A respiratory surface, such as the alveoli in lungs or the surface of gills, possesses the following properties:

• Thin: allows for efficient gas exchange
• Wet: facilitates the exchange of gases between the surface and the surrounding environment
• Permeable: allows gases to pass through the surface
• Very large: provides a large surface area for gas exchange to occur

Explanation

• Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with hydrocarbons and their derivatives.
• They are compounds containing carbon and hydrogen atoms.
• It may also contain other elements like oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur.

Explanation

Tally is an accounting software, which is an application software, not a system software.

System software includes:

• Assembler: Translates assembly language into machine code.
• Compiler: Translates high-level language into machine code.
• Interpreter: Directly executes high-level language code without compiling.

Explanation

Genetics is a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.

Explanation

Global warming is primarily caused by the increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Earth's atmosphere, which traps heat and leads to a warming effect.

The main reason for this increase is human activities such as:

• Burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas
• Deforestation and land-use changes

Explanation

• JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a file format used for images, not text documents.
• It's commonly used for photos and graphics.

The file extensions suitable for MS Word files:

• .doc: An older file format used by MS Word (up to version 2003).
• .rtf: Rich Text Format, a file format that can be opened by MS Word and other word processing software.
• .docx: The current file format used by MS Word (version 2007 and later).

Explanation

"Kitab-ul-manazir", also known as the "Book of Optics".

It is a seven-volume treatise on optics composed by the medieval Arab scholar Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen or Alhacen, 965–c. 1040 AD).