Explanation

BCG vaccine is given at birth or as soon as possible thereafter.

It should not be given to children who have signs and symptoms of AIDS.

One dose of 0.05 ml.

If there is no scar at the injection site six weeks after a BCG immunization, the injection must be repeated.

This timing helps protect against tuberculosis (TB) in infants, as TB can be particularly severe in this age group.

Explanation

• Coronaviruses get their name from the crown-like shape of the viral particles, which have a distinctive "corona" or halo of protein spikes on their surface.
• These spikes give the virus its characteristic appearance under an electron microscope, resembling a crown or a halo.
• This is why the name "coronavirus" was chosen, as it reflects the virus's unique morphology.

Explanation

Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) can be contracted only if an individual consumes nerve tissues (brain and spine) of cattle infected with Mad cow disease (bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE).

Explanation

• Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle). This reaction involves both oxidation and decarboxylation, resulting in the removal of a carbon atom from the molecule and the reduction of NAD+ to NADH.
• The reaction catalyzed by alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase is: alpha-ketoglutarate + NAD+ + CoA → succinyl-CoA + NADH + CO2

Explanation

Chloroplast contains chlorophyll.

It is the site where photosynthesis takes place in plant cells.

It converts light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water.

Explanation

Water acts as a universal solvent in cells where most biochemical reactions take place.

It facilitates transport, reactions, and temperature regulation in living organisms.

Explanation

The small intestine in humans has three main parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

Caecum and appendix are part of the large intestine.

Explanation

Eukaryotic ribosomes are made of two subunits: 60S (large) and 40S (small), combining to form the 80S ribosome.

The "S" stands for Svedberg unit, a measure of sedimentation rate during centrifugation.

Explanation

Powerlessness related to the disease is the most appropriate priority nursing diagnosis.

Oncology patients often face feelings of helplessness due to their illness.

It can significantly impact their emotional well-being and coping ability.

Explanation

RICE stands for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation

It is a method used to treat minor injuries such as sprains and strains:

Rest: Avoid using the injured area to prevent further damage.

Ice: Apply ice packs to reduce swelling and numb pain, typically for 20 minutes every 1-2 hours.

Compression: Use an elastic bandage to compress the injured area, which helps reduce swelling.

Elevation: Keep the injured limb elevated above heart level to decrease swelling and promote healing.