Explanation

The foundation of life is based on chemical processes and reactions that occur within living organisms.

These chemical reactions involve the building blocks of life.

Such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.

They are combined in various ways to form biomolecules like carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Explanation

X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation that are commonly used in radiotherapy to destroy cancer cells.

They have enough energy to penetrate deep into tissue and damage the DNA of cancer cells, slowing their growth or killing them.

Explanation

Oscillations are damped due to the presence of frictional force.

Frictional force opposes motion and converts some of the kinetic energy into heat energy, causing the oscillations to decay over time.

There are three main types of frictional force that can cause damping:

• Viscous damping (e.g., air resistance, water resistance)
• Coulomb damping (e.g., friction between surfaces)
• Internal damping (e.g., within the material itself)

Explanation

Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is used to make soft soaps, which are typically more soluble and have a lower melting point than soaps made with sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

Soft soaps are often used in liquid soaps, shampoos, and body washes.

Explanation

The flame test is a qualitative analysis technique used to identify certain elements based on the color they produce when heated in a flame.

In the case of copper halides (such as copper chloride or copper bromide), the flame test produces a bluish-green color, which indicates the presence of copper.

Explanation

Organic qualitative analysis deals with the identification of functional groups in organic compounds.

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within a molecule that determine its chemical properties and reactivity.

Explanation

The Analytical Chemistry deals with instruments and methods to separate, identify, and quantify the matter.

Explanation

According to the Arrhenius definition, an acid is a substance that increases the H+ ion concentration in aqueous solution.

HCl, HNO3, and H2SO4 all dissociate in water to produce H+ ions, making them Arrhenius acids.

CO2 does not dissociate in water to produce H+ ions.

Explanation

Apomixis is a type of seed production that occurs without the fusion of male and female gametes (fertilization).

Instead, an egg cell develops into a seed without being fertilized, resulting in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent plant.

Explanation

Specific heat capacity is the thermal energy transfer required per unit mass to increase the temperature of a substance by 1°C (or 1 K).

It is a measure of how much heat energy a substance can absorb or release per unit mass per unit temperature change.