Explanation

When white light passes through a prism, it splits into 7 colors, forming a spectrum known as a rainbow:

1. Red
2. Orange
3. Yellow
4. Green
5. Blue
6. Indigo
7. Violet

The separation of visible light into its different colours is known as dispersion.

Explanation

Explanation

The SI unit of force is the Newton, symbol N.

The base units relevant to force are:

1. The metre, unit of length — symbol m
2. The kilogram, unit of mass — symbol kg
3. The second, unit of time — symbol s

Explanation

• The freezing point of water is 0°C (zero degrees Centigrade). 
• The boiling point of water on the Centigrade scale (also known as the Celsius scale) 100°C (one hundred degrees Centigrade).

Explanation

The SI unit of pressure is Pascal (represented as Pa) 

in SI base units, one kilogram per meter per second squared (N/m2 or kg m-1s-2)

Definition of Pressure: Pressure can be defined as the force acting per unit area.

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The SI unit of energy/work is the joule (J)

ND23-9-2023

Explanation

The intensity of an earthquake is measured by the Richter scale.

It quantifies the energy released.

It was developed in 1935.

The Richter scale is used in seismology, the study of earthquakes.

Explanation

Origin of species using Natural Selection was the work of Charles Darwin.

It was published on 24 November 1859,

..

Charles Darwin's discoveries included.

four different species of giant ground sloth (some of the largest land mammals ever to have lived), a gomphothere,

and the remains of an extinct horse.

ND16-8-2023

Explanation

A convex lens has either one or both of its surfaces curving outwards, that is, wider divergence from the plan at the center.

These lenses are used to correct long-sightedness (hypermetropia).

Explanation

A Light Emitting Diode (LED)

A light-emitting diode is a semiconductor device that emits light when current flows through it

LED lighting products produce light up to 90% 

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Invented:

H. J. Round (1907);

Oleg Losev (1927);

James R. Biard (1961);

Nick Holonyak (1962)

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First production: October 1962

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VU FIA CBT  14-12-2021

ND5-5-2023

Explanation

• Short-sightedness (myopia) can be corrected by wearing a concave lens.
• It is thinner in the center than at the edges.
• This lens disperses light rays, allowing them to focus correctly on the retina.