Explanation

• Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle). This reaction involves both oxidation and decarboxylation, resulting in the removal of a carbon atom from the molecule and the reduction of NAD+ to NADH.
• The reaction catalyzed by alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase is: alpha-ketoglutarate + NAD+ + CoA → succinyl-CoA + NADH + CO2

Explanation

Explanation

Crosslinking is a phenomenon in which a signal transmitted in one circuit or channel creates an undesired effect in another circuit or channel.

Explanation

The d-block elements are located in the periodic table between the s-block and p-block elements and are characterized by the filling of the d subshell. These elements are known as transition elements or transition metals.

Explanation

Explanation

• Equestrian refers to a person who rides a horse, especially as a sport or recreation. It can also refer to something related to horse riding or horses in general.
• Egoist: This word refers to a person who is excessively self-interested or egotistical, and has no relation to horse riding.
• Germicide: This word refers to a substance that kills germs or microorganisms, and has no relation to horse riding.
• Impassable: This word means unable to be passed or traversed, and has no relation to horse riding.

Explanation

• The technique of growing plants with their roots suspended in the air is called aeroponics.
• Aeroponics is a type of hydroponics, as water is employed in aeroponics to deliver nutrients to the plants, and is also known as "air culture".
• The roots are suspended in the air and sprayed with nutrient solutions.

Explanation

• Phenylamine (aniline) is a crucial starting material for the production of many dyes, including acid dyes, basic dyes, and direct dyes.
• These dyes are used to color a wide range of materials, such as fabrics, leather, and paper.

Explanation

• When equal masses of methane (CH4) and oxygen (O2) are mixed, the number of moles of each gas is equal. Since the molar mass of methane (16 g/mol) is smaller than that of oxygen (32 g/mol), the number of molecules of methane is greater than the number of molecules of oxygen.
• Let's calculate the fraction of total pressure exerted by oxygen:
• Number of moles of methane = Number of moles of oxygen (since equal masses are mixed)
• Molar ratio of methane to oxygen = 1:1
• Total pressure = Partial pressure of methane + Partial pressure of oxygen = 1 (due to methane) + 1 (due to oxygen) = 2
• Fraction of total pressure exerted by oxygen = Partial pressure of oxygen / Total pressure = 1 / 2 = 2/3

Explanation

• In a sample of a substance, the particles (atoms or molecules) have a distribution of energies at any given temperature. This is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution.
• According to this distribution, some particles have high energies, while others have low energies, but the average energy of the particles is constant at a given temperature.
• The energy of individual particles in a sample is not the same, as they are in constant motion and colliding with each other, leading to a range of energies.
• This is why the concept of average energy or kinetic energy is used to describe the energy of a sample as a whole.