Explanation

The theory of relativity was given by Albert Einstein in the early 20th century.

. It encompasses both the Special Theory of Relativity (1905) and the General Theory of Relativity (1915),

Explanation

• GPS (Global Positioning System) is used for identifying the location of objects on Earth.
• GPS provides accurate positioning and timing information, enabling users to determine their precise location anywhere on Earth.
• GPS stands for Global Positioning System, a network of satellites orbiting the Earth.
• It provide location information and timing signals to GPS receivers on the ground.

Explanation

A linear scale uses a line marked with distances to represent the scale on a map.

It helps measure actual distances directly by comparing with the marked segments on the line.

Explanation

Given the object's speed is 8 m/s after 1 second, we can determine the acceleration due to gravity on this planet is 8 m/s², since it starts from rest (0 m/s).

To find the speed after 3 seconds, we use the formula: speed = initial speed + acceleration × time

Initial speed = 0 m/s (since it's dropped)

Acceleration = 8 m/s²

Time = 3 seconds

Speed after 3 seconds = 0 + 8 × 3 = 24 m/s

Explanation

Bicycles, cranes, and hand drills use a combination of pulleys and gears to transfer and control motion.

These machines rely on mechanical advantage from both systems for efficient performance.

Explanation

The Earth moves around its axis once in 24 hours — this is called rotation.

While its motion around the Sun once in approximately 365 days is called a revolution.

(Note: You mentioned "356 days" — this appears to be a typo. The correct value is approximately 365.25 days.)

Explanation

Jet engines typically produce very high power, often in the megawatt (MW) range.

1.2 × 10⁶ watts equals 1.2 megawatts, which is appropriate for a jet engine.

Explanation

In a reversible adiabatic process, there is no heat transfer (Q = 0).

As a result, the entropy change (ΔS) is zero because entropy change is directly related to heat transfer in a reversible process (ΔS = Q / T).

Explanation

The orbital speed (v) of a satellite is given by:

v = √(GM / (R + h))

If the orbital radius (R + h) is halved:

v' = √(GM / ((R + h) / 2))

= √(2GM / (R + h))

= √2 * √(GM / (R + h))

= √2 * v

So, the orbital speed will increase √2 times.

Explanation

Given:

Magnification M = 5

Distance between lenses L = f₀ + fₑ = 24 cm

Magnification formula M = f₀ / fₑ

Let's solve for f₀ and fₑ:

1. f₀ / fₑ = 5 => f₀ = 5fₑ

2. f₀ + fₑ = 24

Substituting f₀ = 5fₑ into the second equation:

5fₑ + fₑ = 24

6fₑ = 24

fₑ = 4 cm

Now, f₀ = 5fₑ = 5 × 4 = 20 cm