Explanation

Explanation

Hydrogen is the lightest element, and its most common isotope (protium) has no neutrons in its atomic nucleus.

The atomic number of hydrogen is 1, which means it has one proton in its nucleus, but no neutrons.

The three main isotopes of hydrogen:

• Protium (1H): 1 proton, 0 neutrons
• Deuterium (2H or D): 1 proton, 1 neutron
• Tritium (3H or T): 1 proton, 2 neutrons

Explanation

Saturated hydrocarbons are called alkanes.

Alkanes are a type of hydrocarbon that have only single bonds between the carbon atoms, and are "saturated" with hydrogen atoms.

They have the general formula CnH2n+2 and are also known as paraffins.

Examples of alkanes include methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), and propane (C3H8).

Explanation

• Gases can be converted into liquids by cooling, a process known as condensation.
• As the temperature decreases, the particles of the gas slow down and come together, forming a liquid.

Explanation

For 2p orbitals, the principal quantum number (n) is 2.

The azimuthal quantum number (l) for a p-orbital is 1.

So, n = 2, l = 1 is correct.

Explanation

The Distribution law controls solvent extraction. 

Distribution law (also known as Nernst's law):

This law states that when a solute is added to two immiscible liquids,

It will distribute itself between the two liquids in a constant ratio,

Regardless of the total amount of solute added.

This ratio is called the partition coefficient. 

Explanation

Reforming is a process used in petroleum refining to separate hydrogen from hydrocarbons through heat.

It helps convert lower-quality hydrocarbons into more valuable products like gasoline and hydrogen.

Explanation

Petrol typically contains around 0.05% sulfur, which can contribute to air pollution when burned.

The sulfur content in fuels is regulated to reduce harmful emissions and environmental impact.

Explanation

Polymerization is the process where small molecules (monomers) repeatedly bond to form large molecules (polymers).

It's commonly used in making plastics, synthetic fibers, and resins.

Explanation

Bromine is the only non-metal that remains in liquid form at room temperature.

It is a reddish-brown liquid with a strong odor and is highly reactive.