Explanation

• The shielding effect decreases across a period.
• This is because the increasing nuclear charge is not fully counterbalanced by the same number of inner electrons, resulting in a weaker shielding effect.

Explanation

In this reaction, element C displaces B from compound AB, forming A + BC.

Such reactions are classified as single displacement or single replacement reactions.

Explanation

Unsaturated Solution: A solution that can dissolve more solute at a given temperature.

Saturated Solution: A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a specific temperature.

Explanation

Indicators are colored organic compounds that change color depending on the pH of the solution.

Common examples include litmus, phenolphthalein, and methyl orange.

Explanation

In NH₄⁺, nitrogen has an oxidation state of –3 (typical for ammonia-like groups).

In NO₃⁻, nitrogen has an oxidation state of +5 due to its bonding with three oxygen atoms.

Explanation

Prussian blue is formed by a complex reaction involving Fe³⁺ (ferric) and [Fe(CN)₆]⁴⁻ (ferrocyanide) ions.

Both Ferric hexa cyano ferrate (II) and Iron (III) hexa cyano ferrate (II) describe the same compound responsible for the Prussian blue color.

Explanation

A polyprotic acid is an acid that can donate more than one proton (H⁺) per molecule.

1. H₃PO₄ (Phosphoric acid) → Triprotic acid (can donate 3 H⁺ ions)
2. HCN (Hydrocyanic acid) → Monoprotic (donates only 1 H⁺)
3. HCl (Hydrochloric acid) → Monoprotic

Explanation

Ferrum is the Latin name for iron, which is why its chemical symbol is Fe.

It is a transition metal used widely in construction.

It is essential in the human body for forming hemoglobin.

Explanation

Hydration is the process of adding water (H₂O) to alkenes to form alcohols, usually in the presence of H₂SO₄ as a catalyst.

It follows Markovnikov's rule, where the –OH group attaches to the more substituted carbon.

Explanation

Cyclic ethers containing two ether groups are called crown ethers.

These compounds have a ring structure with multiple oxygen atoms, forming a "crown-like" shape that can bind to metal ions.