Explanation

Most proteins are made up of 20 different amino acids.

These 20 amino acids are commonly referred to as the standard or proteinogenic amino acids.

While other amino acids exist, they are not typically found in the primary structure of proteins that make up most living organisms.

Explanation

Viruses lack organelles like ribosomes, mitochondria, and Golgi apparatus.

They are simple particles composed of genetic material (DNA or RNA) and a protein coat.

They need to infect a host cell to use the host's ribosomes to replicate.

Explanation

 The special enzyme used to cut DNA at specific sequences is called a restriction enzyme or restriction endonuclease.

These enzymes are crucial for various molecular biology techniques like genetic engineering and DNA fingerprinting.

They recognize specific sequences within the DNA and cleave the molecule at those sites. 

Explanation

In echinoderms, water enters the water vascular system through a sieve-like structure called the madreporite.

This structure, often a small, light-colored plate, acts as an opening to the internal water-filled canals.

Water then flows through a series of canals, including the stone canal and radial canals, eventually reaching the tube feet.

Explanation

Explanation

 The process of producing a protein from mRNA is called translation.

First, mRNA, carrying the genetic code from DNA, is created through transcription.

Then, this mRNA molecule travels to ribosomes,

Where it is translated into a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a polypeptide chain.

This polypeptide then folds into a functional protein.

Explanation

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Wealthy دولت مند

Explanation

To find the median, first arrange the data in order:

5, 6, 12, 13, 15, 18, 22, 50

Since there are an even number of values, the median is the average of the two middle values:

Median = (13 + 15)/2 = 28/2 = 14

Explanation

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Involves شامل ہے۔

Explanation

ARROGANT مغرور

CONCEITED   مغرور