Explanation

• Formative assessment is an ongoing, continuous process of evaluating student learning and understanding throughout a course or program.
• It is used to monitor student progress, identify areas of strength and weakness, and adjust instruction to meet student needs.
• Formative assessments are typically low-stakes, meaning they don't have a significant impact on a student's final grade, but they play a crucial role in shaping the learning process.

Explanation

In the sentence, "such" stands in for a previously mentioned or implied idea — making it a pronoun.

It refers to a kind or type of thing (e.g., behavior, statement) without repeating the noun.

Explanation

At 45°, the sine and cosine of the angle are equal (sin 45° = cos 45° ≈ 0.707), so the x and y components of the force are equal.

This is because Fx = Fcosθ and Fy = Fsinθ; they are equal only when cosθ = sinθ.

Explanation

In Mesh topology, every device is connected to every other device directly.

This provides high redundancy and reliability in the network.

Explanation

The verb "equip" fits grammatically in the infinitive form after "to" — "to equip the child..."

"Equip" means to provide necessary tools or skills, which is the goal for helping a child enter college.

Explanation

"Friend : Foe" shows a relationship of opposites (antonyms).

Similarly, "Beautiful : Ugly" is also a pair of opposites.

Explanation

A good classroom environment should encourage student curiosity and active learning, which aligns with interest and inquiry.

This approach fosters deeper understanding and engagement rather than just control or passive focus.

Explanation

"Tweak" means to lightly adjust or provoke — here, it fits the idea of stirring consciences and causing controversy.

Editorial cartoonists aim to provoke thought and challenge opinions, making "tweak" the most suitable word.

Explanation

Greetings like "Good Morning" are changed into indirect speech as "greeted".

Hence, "She said to us 'Good Morning'" becomes "She greeted us."

Explanation

Reliability means a tool consistently produces the same results over repeated trials.

It ensures the measurement is stable and dependable.