Explanation

Refractory means تڑپنے والا

Recalcitrant means تڑپنے والا

Explanation

When you turn on your computer, it will check the control files:

• (Command.com) (Command Interpreter)
• io.sys (Input/Output System file)
• msdos.sys (MS-DOS System file)

Explanation

• Sodium carbonate is produced by the Solvay process, also known as the ammonia-soda process.
• This process was developed by Ernest Solvay in the 1860s.
• It uses salt and limestone as the main ingredients, which are readily available and inexpensive.
• The Solvay process produces roughly three-quarters of the world's supply of sodium carbonate, with the remaining being mined from natural deposits.

Explanation

• The electric field strength related to Hall voltage is given by VH/d, where V is the Hall voltage and d is the width of the conductor.
• The Hall effect is the production of a potential difference (the Hall voltage) across an electrical conductor that is transverse to an electric current in the conductor and to an applied magnetic field perpendicular to the current.

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

• A combination is a selection of objects taken some or all at a time, without regard to order.
• It is a way of choosing items from a collection, where the order of selection does not matter.
• For example, choosing 3 books from a shelf of 10 books is a combination.

Explanation

Explanation

An essential element is defined as a chemical element that is necessary for an organism to grow, develop, and maintain its physiological functions. Essential elements cannot be replaced by other elements, and they play specific roles in various biological processes.

The criteria for an element to be considered essential are:

• The element is required for growth and development.
• The element cannot be replaced by another element.
• The element has a specific biological function.

Therefore, the statement "The element is not required for growth and development" is the opposite of what defines an essential element, making it the correct answer.

Explanation

A component that obeys Ohm's law is called an "Ohmic component."