Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

The Ionosphere reflects and refracts radio waves, enabling long-distance communication.

It plays a crucial role in radio transmission and satellite communication.

Explanation

Manora is a group of associated islands of the Pakistani coastline along the Arabian Sea.

It is also famous for Naval Base.

It is located near Karachi.

Explanation

Inventory turnover ratio = Cost of Goods Sold ÷ Average Inventory.

It shows how effectively a company sells and replaces inventory during a period.

Explanation

Asset turnover ratio shows how effectively a company uses its assets to generate sales.

Higher ratio means better efficiency in asset utilization.

Explanation

Explanation

The degrees of freedom refer to the number of independent ways a gas molecule can store energy.

For a monoatomic gas (e.g., noble gases like helium, neon, argon):

• It has only translational motion along the x, y, and z axes.
• There are no rotational or vibrational degrees of freedom.

Thus, the total degrees of freedom for a monoatomic gas is 3 (one for each spatial direction: x, y, and z).

Explanation

Given:

Initial efficiency (η₁) = 50% = 0.5

Initial cold body temperature (T₁) = 17°C = 290 K

Initial hot body temperature (T₂) = unknown

We know that the efficiency of a Carnot engine is:

η = 1 - (T₁ / T₂)

0.5 = 1 - (290 K / T₂)

T₂ = 580 K

Now, the hot body temperature is increased by 145°C:

New hot body temperature (T₂') = 580 K + 145°C = 725 K

New efficiency (η₂) is:

η₂ = 1 - (T₁ / T₂')

= 1 - (290 K / 725 K)

≈ 0.6

New efficiency (η₂) is approximately 60%.