Explanation

Volt is the unit of measurement for the potential difference that cause a current to flow through a conductor.  

Explanation

Total internal reflection occurs when light travels from a denser to a rarer medium, and the angle of incidence exceeds the critical angle.

At this point, light is completely reflected back into the denser medium.

Explanation

The maximum kinetic energy (K.E.) of photoelectrons depends on the frequency of the incident light, not its intensity. 

According to Einstein's photoelectric equation:

K.E. = hf - φ

where hf is the energy of the photon, which depends on its frequency (f).

Explanation

A solid-state detector is essentially a PN junction that detects radiation by generating charge carriers.

Incoming particles or photons produce electron-hole pairs in the depletion region of the PN junction.

Explanation

Mica is a dielectric material that increases the capacitance when placed between capacitor plates.

It does so by reducing the electric field and allowing the capacitor to store more charge for a given voltage.

Explanation

In a rotating spaceship, to produce artificial gravity, the centripetal force pushes the objects towards the outer wall.

This force acts outward on the objects inside the spaceship, simulating the effect of gravity.

Explanation

• Sputnik 1 was launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957.
• It from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, marking the beginning of the space age.
• The successful launch shocked the world and triggered the Space Race between the Soviet Union and the United States.

Explanation

• The unit of electric resistance is Ohms (Ω).
• Ohms measure the opposition to the flow of electric current.
• It represented by the symbol "R" in equations, such as R=V/I.

Explanation

• The principal axis is a horizontal line that passes through the centre of the lens, perpendicular to its surface.
• It is the central axis around which the lens is symmetrical.

Explanation

• Sound travels slowest in air, with a speed of approximately 343 meters per second (m/s) at 20°C.
• This is because air is a gas and has a low density and stiffness, which allows sound waves to propagate more slowly through the material.

The speeds of sound in different materials:

• Air: 343 m/s
• Water: 1433 m/s
• Wood: 3300-3600 m/s
• Brick: 4176 m/s
• Steel: 6100 m/s
• Diamond: 12000 m/s