Explanation

• Sounds travel faster through solids than through both gases and liquids.
• Solids have a more rigid structure, allowing sound waves to propagate more efficiently and at a faster speed.

Here's a comparison of sound speeds in different materials:

• Solids (e.g., steel): up to 5,960 m/s (13,140 ft/s)
• Liquids (e.g., water): up to 1,482 m/s (4,862 ft/s)
• Gases (e.g., air): approximately 343 m/s (1,125 ft/s)

Explanation

The formula for density is:

Density = Mass ÷ Volume

It represents how much mass is packed into a given volume.

Explanation

A Newton (N) is the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI).

Force (F) is equal to mass (m) times acceleration (a): F = ma.

"That gives a 1 kg body an acceleration of 1 m/s²".

Using F = ma, if m = 1 kg and a = 1 m/s², then F = 1 kg × 1 m/s² = 1 N.

Explanation

In a spinning dryer, the clothes are forced to move in a circle by the centripetal force provided by the drum.

However, the water in the clothes lacks this centripetal force (no direct contact with the drum),

So it moves in a straight line (due to inertia) and is flung outward through the holes in the drum.

Explanation

When an electron from a higher shell fills a vacancy in an inner shell, it emits a photon with a specific energy.

These are called characteristic X-rays because their energy depends on the atomic structure of the element.

Explanation

When two identical waves move in opposite directions, they give rise to stationary waves. 

Beats:

Beats occur when two waves with slightly different frequencies interfere, producing a fluctuating amplitude that can be heard as a pulsating sound. 

Constructive interference:

This happens when two waves with the same phase overlap, leading to an increased amplitude. 

Destructive interference:

This happens when two waves with opposite phases overlap, leading to a decreased or zero amplitude. 

Explanation

Ferromagnetic materials (such as iron, cobalt, and nickel) have a strong attraction to magnetic fields and can retain their magnetism even after the external magnetic field is removed.

This property makes them ideal for making permanent magnets.

• Diamagnetic materials are repelled by magnetic fields and cannot retain magnetism.

• Paramagnetic materials are weakly attracted to magnetic fields but do not retain magnetism after the external field is removed.

Explanation

Explanation

Using Wien's displacement law:

λ_peak ∝ 1/T

Given: Initial temperature (T1) = 6000 K, Initial peak wavelength (λ1) = 4800 Å

Final temperature (T2) = 3000 K

λ2 / λ1 = T1 / T2

λ2 = λ1 * T1 / T2

= 4800 Å * 6000 K / 3000 K

= 9600 Å

Explanation

Lenz's law is consistent with the law of conservation of energy because it states that the induced current will always oppose the change that produced it.