Explanation

• Iron-59 is used in studies of iron metabolism and the proper functioning of red blood cells (RBCs).
• It is a radioactive isotope that helps trace the movement and utilization of iron in the body.

Explanation

• Xylem is the vascular tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves through continuous tubes.
• It also known as xylem vessels or tracheary elements.

Explanation

Total internal reflection occurs when light travels from a denser medium (like water) to a rarer medium (like air) and the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle.

Explanation

• Carbon-14 is used to investigate carbon uptake and biochemical pathways in plants.
• It is a radioactive isotope that allows researchers to trace carbon through various metabolic processes.

Explanation

• When the rhythmic action of the digestive tract (peristalsis) slows down, it can lead to constipation.
• Peristalsis is the coordinated muscle contraction and relaxation that moves food through the digestive system.

Explanation

• Bile, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
• It breaks down fats into smaller particles, making it easier for enzymes to digest them.
• This process is called emulsification.