Explanation

The recognized layers of physical security include both deterrence and access control, as well as detection and identification.

These layers work together to protect and secure physical assets by preventing, detecting, and responding to security breaches.

Explanation

The Rule of Plea of Alibi is applicable in criminal cases.

It is a defense strategy where the accused provides evidence that they were elsewhere when the crime was committed, thereby arguing they could not have been involved.

Explanation

NACTA (National Counter Terrorism Authority) was established under the Act of 2013.

It was created to oversee and coordinate counter-terrorism efforts in Pakistan.

Explanation

A fact-finding inquiry report is admissible in evidence:

Before a Tribunal (e.g., administrative or quasi-judicial bodies).

Before a Court (judicial proceedings).

Before any authority (statutory or regulatory authorities).

Legal Basis:

Such reports are generally admissible under Section 35 of the Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984 (Pakistan's Evidence Act), which allows documentary evidence from official inquiries if relevant and properly conducted.

Explanation

Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights include:

• The right to work in just and favorable conditions.
• The right to social protection.
• The right to an adequate standard of living.
• The right to the highest attainable standards of physical and mental well-being.

Explanation

Whoever commits the offence of money laundering shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment for a term not less than 3 years but which may extend to seven years.

This is stipulated under Section 4 of the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), 2002.

Explanation

The Official Secrets Act originates from the United Kingdom system.

It is a legislative framework that governs the protection of state secrets and classified information within British law.

Explanation

The First Schedule of the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 deals with the list of proscribed organizations.

It includes organizations that are banned or declared as terrorist groups under the Act.

The Second Schedule deals with the List of non-bailable offences.

The Third Schedule deals with the List of bailable offences.

They are specific crimes categorized as terrorism-related.

Explanation

Disclosure of "Top Secret" information can cause grave danger to state interests.

Due to its highly sensitive nature.

Explanation

The main conventions of the United Nations Human Rights include:

• Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (1948)
• Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)
• International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (1965)
• International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966)
• International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966)
• Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979)
• Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (1984)
• Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989)
• Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006)

These conventions form the foundation of international human rights law, setting standards for protecting and promoting human rights globally.