Explanation

 Hydroxylation of alkene can be carried out by  alkaline KMnO4. 

Hydroxylation refers to the addition of two hydroxyl (OH) groups across a carbon-carbon double bond in an alkene.

Cold, dilute, alkaline potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a common reagent used for this reaction.

It reacts with the alkene to form a vicinal diol (a molecule with two hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbon atoms). 

Explanation

The human body contains traces of many elements, and approximately 99% of its mass is comprised of just six essential elements:

1. oxygen
2. carbon
3. hydrogen
4. nitrogen
5. calcium
6. phosphorus

Another five elements—

1. sulfur
2. potassium
3. sodium
4. chlorine
5. magnesium

Make up about 0.85% of the remaining mass, bringing the total of essential elements to 11

Explanation

- The elementary charge on a single electron is -1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ coulombs.

- It’s a fundamental physical constant.

Explanation

The condition where the male sexual cells develop earlier than female cells is called protandrous. 

Explanation

A nucleoside is composed of a Base + Sugar. 

A nucleoside is a molecule made up of a nitrogenous base (like adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine) 

Attached to a five-carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose).

It lacks the phosphate group that is found in a nucleotide. 

Explanation

 The sensitivity of blood tissue to radiation primarily depends on the mitotic rate of cells.

Cells that divide rapidly, such as blood-forming cells in the bone marrow, are more vulnerable to radiation damage.

This is because radiation mainly affects DNA replication and cell division, making highly mitotic cells more susceptible to its effects

Explanation

In earthworms, the skin serves as the organ of respiration.

This type of respiration is called cutaneous respiration.

The skin is thin, transparent, moist and richly supplied with blood capillaries.

Explanation

In fish, ammonia is the chief excretory waste.

Fish excrete ammonia directly into the water through their gills.

Ammonia is toxic, but since fish live in water it gets diluted quickly, making it safe for excretion in this form.

Explanation

In a reverse-biased PN junction, the reverse current is typically very small, usually in the range of microamperes (μA).

This current is primarily due to minority charge carriers.

Explanation

Sea urchins feed mainly on algae, so they are primarily herbivores, but can feed on sea cucumbers and a wide range of invertebrates, such as mussels, polychaetes, sponges, brittle stars, and crinoids, making them omnivores, consumers at a range of trophic levels.