Explanation

The idea that characteristics acquired or lost during an organism's lifetime can be passed down to its descendants was proposed by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck.

This concept is part of Lamarck's theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Explanation

Rabbits are members of the order Lagomorpha, which also includes hares and pikas. 

Explanation

The chimera, also known as a ghost shark or ratfish, belongs to the class Holocephali.

This class is distinct from other cartilaginous fish like sharks and rays

It is characterized by having a:

• single gill cover
• a tooth structure adapted for crushing
• a lack of a spiracle
  

Explanation

• Drosophila melanogaster is favored in classical genetics research
• Because of its short life cycle, which allows for rapid generation of experimental results.
• Its easy handling in the laboratory makes it practical for large-scale genetic studies.
• Additionally, obvious characteristics such as distinct eye colors and wing shapes make it easier to observe and analyze genetic variations and inheritance patterns.
• These attributes make Drosophila an ideal model organism for studying fundamental genetic principles.
  

Explanation

Batteries are valued as devices that store chemical energy and convert it into electrical energy.

Explanation

Most bacteria have a haploid genome,

a single chromosome consisting of a circular,

double-stranded DNA molecule.

Explanation

Water vapor is directly related to humidity, which plays a crucial role in weather prediction. 

The amount of water vapor in the air significantly influences cloud formation, precipitation, and temperature. 

Therefore, measuring water vapor content is essential for weather forecasting. 

Explanation

Pertussis is commonly known as whooping cough. 

Explanation

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the gas used to carbonate beverages.

It dissolves in the liquid under pressure, creating bubbles and giving the drink its characteristic fizz.

Explanation

Excessive irrigation can lead to the accumulation of salts in the soil, causing salinity.

Salinity causes salt stress in plants.

Prolonged liberal irrigation results in nutrient depletion in the soil so that the plants do not grow properly.