Explanation

• Folic acid is the most essential nutrient for a woman during her initial stages of pregnancy to prevent birth defects.
• It plays a crucial role in preventing neural tube defects in the developing fetus.

Explanation

The pea plant (Pisum sativum) has 7 pairs of homologous chromosomes, i.e., 14 chromosomes in total.

This was the organism used by Gregor Mendel in his foundational genetics experiments.

Explanation

There are 26 bones in the human foot and 27 bones in the human hand.

The foot has:

• 7 tarsal bones
• 5 metatarsal bones
• 14 phalanges (toe bones)

The hand has:

• 8 carpal bones
• 5 metacarpal bones
• 14 phalanges (finger bones)

Explanation

"salt" (high sodium intake) is considered a significant contributor to renal failure

High blood pressure link:

Excessive salt intake can contribute to high blood pressure, which puts stress on the kidneys and can lead to kidney damage. 

Proteinuria:

High salt intake can increase the amount of protein leaked into the urine (proteinuria), a sign of kidney dysfunction. 

Progression of kidney disease:

For people with existing kidney disease, a high salt diet can worsen their condition and accelerate the progression to renal failure. 

Explanation

The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain.

It is below the hypothalamus.

It sits in a hollowed-out area of the sphenoid bone called the sella turcica.

Explanation

Plants absorb sunlight to produce oxygen (O2) and glucose (C6H12O6) through photosynthesis.

This process occurs in chloroplasts, where light energy is converted into chemical energy.

Explanation

Darwin himself bred pigeons.

He used selective breeding of pigeons to study and demonstrate the principles of natural selection and variation in species.

Explanation

• The pons is a bridge-like structure that links different parts of the brain.
• It connecting the midbrain to the medulla oblongata.

Explanation

The Central Nervous System (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, controls all the vital functions necessary for living, including:

• Breathing
• Maintaining body temperature
• Thinking
• Feelings
• Heartbeat

Explanation

• Roots, stems, and leaves of plants can produce offspring through asexual reproduction.
• It involves the growth of new individuals from vegetative parts of the parent plant.

This can occur through:

• Roots: adventitious roots, root cuttings
• Stems: stem cuttings, runners
• Leaves: leaf cuttings, leaf propagation