Explanation

Write Essay in ENGLISH on one of the following topics (at least 400 words) 20 Marks

Current relations of Pakistan with China

تین مضمون میں سے کسی ایک پر لکھیں

Current Relations of Pakistan with China

The relationship between Pakistan and China is often described as "all-weather," reflecting the deep strategic, political, and economic ties that have strengthened over the decades. This relationship has evolved significantly and continues to play a critical role in both countries' foreign policies. Below is an analysis of the key aspects of the current relations between Pakistan and China.

1. Historical Friendship and Strategic Partnership

The foundation of Pakistan-China relations dates back to the early 1950s, when Pakistan was one of the first countries to recognize the People's Republic of China. Over the years, the relationship has been marked by strong political and military cooperation, particularly during times of regional tension. The two countries have consistently supported each other on international issues, with China backing Pakistan on issues such as Kashmir, while Pakistan endorses China's stance on Taiwan, Xinjiang, and Tibet.

2. China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)

One of the most significant pillars of the current relationship is the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), launched in 2013 as part of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). CPEC is a massive infrastructure project aimed at improving Pakistan’s transportation networks, energy infrastructure, and overall economic development. It includes the development of roads, railways, power plants, and the strategic Gwadar Port.

For Pakistan, CPEC represents a potential economic game-changer, offering new opportunities for growth and development. For China, CPEC provides critical access to the Arabian Sea, enhancing its trade routes and securing its energy supplies.

3. Economic and Trade Relations

China has emerged as Pakistan’s largest trading partner and a key investor in its economy. The two countries have signed several Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), promoting the exchange of goods and services. Chinese investments in Pakistan’s infrastructure, energy, and telecommunication sectors have played a vital role in boosting Pakistan’s economy. In 2021, the bilateral trade between China and Pakistan exceeded $20 billion, with further plans for expansion.

China also provides financial assistance to Pakistan through loans and economic packages, particularly in times of economic challenges. In recent years, China has extended financial support to help Pakistan navigate its economic crises, reinforcing the partnership.

4. Defense and Military Cooperation

The defense relationship between Pakistan and China remains robust. China is one of Pakistan's leading suppliers of military equipment, including fighter jets, tanks, and naval vessels. The two countries regularly conduct joint military exercises and collaborate on defense technologies. The development of the JF-17 Thunder fighter jet, a joint venture between Pakistan and China, exemplifies the level of cooperation in defense.

China’s support has been crucial for Pakistan’s military capabilities, especially in light of regional tensions with India. The strategic partnership in defense further solidifies the bond between the two nations.

5. Political and Diplomatic Support

On the international stage, China and Pakistan continue to provide diplomatic backing for each other. China supports Pakistan on the Kashmir issue and has often blocked moves in international forums that are unfavorable to Pakistan, including those at the United Nations. Conversely, Pakistan consistently aligns with China on issues such as Taiwan, the South China Sea, and China’s domestic policies in Xinjiang and Hong Kong.

6. People-to-People Ties and Cultural Exchange

Cultural and educational exchanges between Pakistan and China have also seen growth. Thousands of Pakistani students study in China, benefiting from scholarships provided by the Chinese government. Cultural events, language learning initiatives, and tourism exchanges have strengthened people-to-people connections between the two nations.

7. Challenges and Criticisms

Despite the strong bond, the relationship faces challenges. Some critics in Pakistan argue that the terms of CPEC projects favor China disproportionately, raising concerns about debt dependency and the transparency of deals. Additionally, there are concerns in Pakistan about the benefits of Chinese investments not reaching local populations adequately.

Environmental and social impacts of large infrastructure projects have also drawn criticism from some segments of Pakistani society, particularly concerning land acquisition and displacement.

8. Regional and Global Dynamics

The relationship between Pakistan and China is shaped by the regional geopolitical environment, particularly in South Asia and Central Asia. With the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan and growing Indo-U.S. cooperation, Pakistan and China’s partnership takes on added significance. Both countries share concerns about the stability of Afghanistan and the spread of extremism in the region.

At a global level, the deepening ties between Pakistan and China are viewed in the context of China’s rising influence and its strategic competition with the United States and India. As China positions itself as a global power, its partnership with Pakistan serves as a counterbalance to the influence of India and the West in the region.

9. Future Prospects

The future of Pakistan-China relations looks promising, with continued cooperation in economic, military, and diplomatic spheres. The next phase of CPEC is expected to focus on industrial development and agricultural cooperation, bringing further investment into Pakistan. Both countries are likely to maintain their close ties as they navigate the evolving regional and global geopolitical landscape.

10. Conclusion: A Lasting and Evolving Partnership

In conclusion, Pakistan-China relations are characterized by deep mutual trust, strategic cooperation, and a shared vision for regional stability and development. Despite occasional challenges, the relationship continues to grow, bolstered by significant economic projects like CPEC and strong military ties. As the global and regional dynamics shift, this “all-weather friendship” is likely to remain a cornerstone of Pakistan’s foreign policy for years to come.

Islamabad police asi paper 2024

Explanation

Write Essay in ENGLISH on one of the following topics (at least 400 words) 20 Marks

Topic: Role of Police in a society

تین مضمون میں سے کسی ایک پر لکھیں

Role of Police in Society

Introduction

The police are essential to the proper functioning of any society. Their primary purpose is to maintain law and order, protect citizens, and prevent crimes. This essay explores the various roles the police play in ensuring a safe and secure environment for all.

1. Law Enforcement: Ensuring Compliance with Laws

One of the main responsibilities of the police is enforcing laws. They make sure that citizens follow legal rules and take necessary action when laws are violated. Without law enforcement, society would be chaotic.

2. Crime Prevention: Proactively Reducing Crime

Police work to prevent crimes before they happen. Through patrolling, monitoring suspicious activities, and engaging with the community, they reduce the likelihood of criminal behavior.

3. Maintaining Public Order: Peace in Public Spaces

The police ensure that public spaces remain safe and peaceful. Whether it's a protest, a public event, or a large gathering, the police are present to maintain order and prevent disturbances.

4. Protecting Citizens: Ensuring Personal Safety

One of the most critical roles of the police is protecting citizens from harm. Whether it’s responding to emergencies or preventing violence, the police work to keep people safe.

5. Protecting Property: Safeguarding Assets

Along with protecting people, the police also protect property. They investigate thefts, vandalism, and burglaries, ensuring that individuals’ and businesses’ assets are safeguarded.

6. Responding to Emergencies: Quick Action in Crisis

Police officers are often the first responders in emergencies such as accidents, natural disasters, or violent incidents. Their ability to quickly assess and handle the situation can save lives.

7. Traffic Control: Ensuring Road Safety

Police play a key role in maintaining road safety by enforcing traffic laws, investigating accidents, and helping direct traffic during peak hours or after incidents, ensuring smooth and safe movement on the roads.

8. Community Policing: Building Trust with Citizens

Police engage with local communities through programs designed to build trust. Community policing allows officers to form strong relationships with citizens, making it easier to prevent and solve crimes.

9. Conflict Resolution: Mediating Disputes

Police often act as mediators in disputes between individuals or groups. By intervening, they help prevent violence and offer peaceful solutions to conflicts.

11. Crime Investigation: Solving Criminal Cases

When a crime is committed, the police investigate to gather evidence, identify suspects, and bring offenders to justice. Investigating crime is a critical aspect of police work in maintaining justice.

12. Public Education: Promoting Safety Awareness

Police contribute to public safety by educating citizens about crime prevention, road safety, and other important issues. This helps people become more aware of how to protect themselves and their communities.

13. Supporting Victims: Offering Assistance to Those Affected

The police provide support to victims of crime by ensuring their safety, guiding them through the legal process, and offering emotional support, helping them recover from traumatic experiences.

14. Dealing with Modern Challenges: Tackling New Crimes

In today's world, the police face new challenges such as cybercrime, terrorism, and social unrest. They must constantly adapt and develop new strategies to address these evolving threats.

15. Ensuring Justice: Upholding Fairness and Equality

The police are responsible for ensuring that justice is served. They uphold fairness by treating everyone equally under the law and ensuring that individuals’ rights are protected.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the police are an essential part of society. Their roles extend beyond just enforcing the law; they protect citizens, prevent crime, and maintain order. By working closely with the community, they ensure that society functions smoothly and safely. Without the police, life would be filled with fear and uncertainty, making them a crucial pillar of modern civilization.

Islamabad Police ASI Paper 2024

Explanation

Q. 1: Write an essay in English on the following topic, not less than 400 words: (20 Marks)

" Role of IT in Governance "

Answer

Introduction

In the contemporary era, Information Technology (IT) has become a fundamental pillar in shaping governance structures and processes. The integration of IT in governance has transformed the way public administration operates, making it more transparent, efficient, and citizen-centric. This essay explores the significant roles that IT plays in governance, including enhancing transparency, improving efficiency, and fostering citizen engagement.

Enhancing Transparency

One of the most profound impacts of IT on governance is the enhancement of transparency. Traditional governance models often suffer from opacity, leading to mistrust and inefficiency. IT has introduced tools and platforms that facilitate greater openness in government operations. For instance, online portals and websites allow citizens to access information regarding government spending, policy decisions, and public services. These digital platforms ensure that government actions are open to scrutiny and that information is readily available to the public. Open data initiatives, supported by IT, further contribute to transparency by making government data accessible and usable for research, analysis, and accountability purposes.

Improving Efficiency

IT has also revolutionized the efficiency of governance. Automation of routine administrative tasks, such as processing forms, managing records, and conducting communications, has streamlined governmental operations. This automation reduces the need for manual intervention, minimizes errors, and speeds up service delivery. For example, e-governance platforms allow citizens to perform various transactions online, such as paying taxes, applying for permits, or registering complaints, without the need for physical visits to government offices. These IT-driven improvements not only save time and resources but also reduce bureaucratic hurdles and enhance the overall effectiveness of public services.

Fostering Citizen Engagement

The role of IT in fostering citizen engagement is another critical aspect of modern governance. Social media platforms, mobile applications, and interactive websites provide new avenues for citizens to engage with their government. These digital tools facilitate two-way communication, allowing citizens to provide feedback, participate in decision-making processes, and voice their concerns. Governments can use these platforms to conduct surveys, hold public consultations, and gauge public opinion on various issues. This increased interaction helps build a more participatory and inclusive governance model, where citizens feel more connected and invested in their government’s actions and decisions.

Challenges and Considerations

Despite its benefits, the integration of IT in governance also presents challenges. Issues such as cybersecurity threats, digital divides, and privacy concerns need to be addressed to ensure the effective use of IT in public administration. Governments must implement robust security measures to protect sensitive data from breaches and ensure that IT infrastructure is resilient to cyberattacks. Additionally, efforts should be made to bridge the digital divide by ensuring that all citizens have access to and can effectively use IT resources. Privacy concerns must be managed through stringent data protection laws and regulations to safeguard individuals’ personal information.

Conclusion

In summary, IT plays a pivotal role in modern governance by enhancing transparency, improving efficiency, and fostering citizen engagement. The integration of IT into governance structures has the potential to transform public administration, making it more responsive and accountable. However, to fully realize these benefits, governments must address the associated challenges and work towards creating an inclusive and secure digital environment. As technology continues to advance, its role in shaping the future of governance will undoubtedly become even more significant, offering new opportunities for innovation and improvement in public administration.

Explanation

Write an essay in English on the following topic, not less than 400 words: (20 Marks)

"Inflation in Pakistan, its reasons and impact on society"

Answer

Introduction

Inflation is a persistent increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. In Pakistan, inflation has been a recurring issue with significant impacts on various aspects of society. This essay explores the reasons behind inflation in Pakistan and its effects on the population.

Reasons for Inflation in Pakistan

1. Monetary Policy Mismanagement

One major reason for inflation in Pakistan is the mismanagement of monetary policy by the central bank. When the central bank prints excessive money to cover budget deficits, it leads to an increase in the money supply without a corresponding increase in the production of goods and services. This imbalance causes prices to rise. In Pakistan, historical patterns show that excessive money supply has often led to inflationary pressures.

2. Supply Chain Disruptions

Supply chain issues also contribute to inflation in Pakistan. The country has faced various disruptions due to political instability, natural disasters, and infrastructural deficiencies. For instance, delays in the transportation of goods and inefficiencies in the distribution network can lead to shortages. When supply does not meet demand, prices tend to rise. Pakistan’s reliance on imported goods exacerbates this problem, as fluctuations in global prices and exchange rates affect local costs.

3. Fiscal Deficits and Debt

Pakistan has frequently experienced high fiscal deficits, where government spending exceeds revenue. To bridge this gap, the government often resorts to borrowing, which can lead to an increase in the national debt. High debt levels can erode investor confidence and result in higher inflation. Moreover, debt servicing requires significant financial resources, which might be covered by printing more money, thus fueling inflation.

4. Exchange Rate Fluctuations

The Pakistani rupee has seen significant fluctuations against major currencies like the US dollar. Depreciation of the rupee increases the cost of imported goods and raw materials, which, in turn, drives up domestic prices. As Pakistan is heavily reliant on imports for many essential goods, such currency fluctuations can have a substantial impact on inflation.

Impact on Society

1. Reduced Purchasing Power

Inflation erodes the purchasing power of money, making it harder for individuals to buy goods and services. This is particularly challenging for low and middle-income families, who spend a larger portion of their income on essential items. As prices rise, these families may struggle to afford necessities like food, healthcare, and education.

2. Increased Cost of Living

With rising prices, the overall cost of living increases. This affects households across the socioeconomic spectrum, but it disproportionately impacts those with fixed incomes or those who are unable to adjust their earnings in line with inflation. For many, this means having to cut back on non-essential expenditures, which can lead to a decrease in quality of life.

3. Social Unrest

Persistent inflation can lead to social unrest. When people feel that their economic situation is worsening and that they are unable to keep up with rising costs, dissatisfaction and frustration can grow. This discontent can manifest in protests and strikes, destabilizing communities and potentially leading to broader political and social challenges.

4. Impact on Savings and Investments

High inflation also affects savings and investments. As inflation erodes the real value of money, individuals may see the value of their savings diminish over time. This can discourage saving and investment, which are crucial for economic growth. Investors may seek safer assets or speculate in high-risk ventures, further destabilizing the economy.

Conclusion

Inflation in Pakistan is driven by a complex interplay of factors including monetary policy mismanagement, supply chain disruptions, fiscal deficits, and exchange rate fluctuations. The impact of inflation on society is profound, affecting purchasing power, cost of living, social stability, and economic behavior. Addressing these issues requires a comprehensive approach involving sound economic policies, efficient supply chain management, and measures to stabilize the currency. Without effective intervention, the challenges of inflation will continue to pose significant hurdles to Pakistan’s economic stability and growth.

Islamabad Police LDC Past Papers 2024

Explanation

Since the ratio of apples to oranges is 3:2, for every 3 apples, there are 2 oranges. To find the number of oranges when there are 12 apples, you can set up a proportion:

3 apples / 2 oranges = 12 apples / x oranges

Cross-multiply:

3x = 12 × 2

3x = 24

x = 8

So, there are 8 oranges.

Explanation

2. درج ذیل عنوان پر اردو زبان میں 400 الفاظ مشتمل مضمون تحریر کریں

15 Marks

آپ پولیس افسر کیوں بننا چاہتے ہیں: مقاصد اور اہداف

تعارف

پولیس افسر بننے کا خواب ہر کسی کا نہیں ہوتا، لیکن جو لوگ اس پیشے کا انتخاب کرتے ہیں، وہ عموماً اس کے پیچھے گہری وجوہات رکھتے ہیں۔ میرے لیے پولیس افسر بننے کا خواب ایک بلند مقصد اور مستحکم عزم کی علامت ہے۔ یہ پیشہ مجھے نہ صرف ذاتی ترقی کا موقع فراہم کرتا ہے بلکہ سماجی عدل و انصاف کے قیام میں بھی اہم کردار ادا کرنے کی صلاحیت عطا کرتا ہے۔

انصاف اور قانون کی پاسداری

پولیس افسر بننے کی میری سب سے بڑی خواہش قانون اور انصاف کے نفاذ میں کردار ادا کرنا ہے۔ میں یقین رکھتا ہوں کہ قانون کی حکمرانی ایک مستحکم اور خوشحال معاشرے کی بنیاد ہے۔ پولیس افسر کے طور پر، میں چاہتا ہوں کہ سماج میں عدل و انصاف کا بول بالا ہو اور قانون کی خلاف ورزی کرنے والوں کو مؤثر طریقے سے سزا دی جائے۔ یہ عزم میرے لیے ایک بڑا محرک ہے، کیونکہ میں دیکھتا ہوں کہ انصاف کے بغیر معاشرہ ترقی نہیں کر سکتا۔

معاشرتی خدمت کا جذبہ

پولیس افسر بننے کا ایک اور اہم مقصد میرے لیے معاشرتی خدمت ہے۔ مجھے لوگوں کی مدد کرنے اور ان کی مشکلات کو دور کرنے کا جذبہ ہے۔ پولیس افسر کی حیثیت سے، میں نہ صرف جرائم کی روک تھام کے لیے کام کروں گا بلکہ عوام کی مدد اور رہنمائی بھی کروں گا۔ یہ جذبہ مجھے اس پیشے کی طرف مائل کرتا ہے، کیونکہ میں چاہتا ہوں کہ لوگوں کو اپنے مسائل کا مؤثر حل ملے اور وہ خود کو محفوظ محسوس کریں۔

ذاتی ترقی اور قائدانہ صلاحیتیں

پولیس افسر بننے کا ایک اور مقصد میری ذاتی ترقی ہے۔ اس پیشے میں کام کرنے سے مجھے اپنی قائدانہ صلاحیتیں بہتر بنانے، فیصلہ سازی کے عمل میں مہارت حاصل کرنے اور مشکلات کا سامنا کرنے کی صلاحیت بڑھانے کا موقع ملے گا۔ پولیس افسر کی حیثیت سے کام کرنے سے میں مختلف چیلنجز کا سامنا کر سکوں گا، جو میری پیشہ ورانہ اور ذاتی نشوونما کے لیے مددگار ثابت ہوں گے۔

اختتام

آخر میں، پولیس افسر بننے کا میرا خواب انصاف، معاشرتی خدمت، اور ذاتی ترقی کے عزم کا مظہر ہے۔ اس پیشے کے ذریعے میں قانون کی حکمرانی کو یقینی بنانا، لوگوں کی مدد کرنا اور اپنی صلاحیتوں کو بہتر بنانا چاہتا ہوں۔ یہ مقصد میرے لیے ایک بڑی محرک قوت ہے اور مجھے یقین ہے کہ اس راہ پر چل کر میں نہ صرف اپنے خوابوں کو پورا کر سکوں گا بلکہ اپنے معاشرے میں بھی مثبت تبدیلی لا سکوں گا۔

Islamabad Police Constable Paper 2024

Explanation

Q1. Write a 400-word essay in English Language on the following topic (15 Mark)

A Person Who Inspires Me: Describe someone who inspires you and explain what makes them admirable.

Answer

A Person Who Inspires Me: My Mother

Introduction: A Beacon of Inspiration

In the myriad of influences that shape who we become, some stand out as shining examples of resilience, kindness, and dedication. For me, that person is my mother. Her unwavering strength and compassionate nature have not only guided me but have also instilled in me values that I hold dear. This essay explores the qualities that make my mother an exceptional source of inspiration.

Early Life and Challenges

My mother’s journey began in modest circumstances, facing significant obstacles from a young age. Growing up in a small town with limited resources, she encountered numerous difficulties, including financial constraints and societal expectations. Despite these challenges, she remained determined to improve her situation and provide a better future for our family.

Demonstrating Resilience in Adversity

One of the most striking aspects of my mother’s character is her resilience. She faced numerous setbacks, from balancing multiple jobs to managing household responsibilities. Her ability to persevere through these challenges, often without complaint, is a testament to her inner strength and determination. This resilience teaches me that persistence and hard work can overcome even the most daunting obstacles.

The Power of Unwavering Kindness

My mother’s kindness is a cornerstone of her character. She extends compassion not only to our family but also to friends and strangers alike. Her willingness to help others, whether through simple acts of kindness or more substantial support, highlights her genuine concern for the well-being of those around her. This quality inspires me to approach life with empathy and generosity.

Acts of Compassion and Community Support

Beyond her personal life, my mother is deeply involved in community service. From organizing local charity events to volunteering at shelters, her dedication to making a positive impact on others’ lives is remarkable. Her actions demonstrate that even small contributions can make a significant difference, encouraging me to engage in community service and support those in need.

A Passion for Lifelong Learning

Despite her busy schedule, my mother has always valued education and self-improvement. She frequently attends workshops and reads extensively, showing that learning is a lifelong endeavor. Her commitment to personal growth encourages me to embrace continuous learning and strive for intellectual and personal development.

Curiosity Beyond Formal Education

My mother’s curiosity extends beyond formal education. She is an avid learner who explores various subjects out of pure interest. Her enthusiasm for acquiring new knowledge, whether through books, documentaries, or discussions, highlights the importance of staying curious and open-minded.

Exemplary Humility and Integrity

Despite her numerous accomplishments, my mother remains humble and grounded. She values honesty and integrity, and her actions consistently reflect her commitment to these principles. Her humility serves as a powerful reminder that true greatness is measured by one’s character rather than external achievements.

The Impact on Personal Values

The values my mother embodies—resilience, kindness, lifelong learning, and humility—have profoundly influenced my own beliefs and actions. Her example inspires me to adopt these qualities in my life, striving to be a compassionate and principled individual.

Conclusion: A Legacy of Inspiration

In conclusion, my mother’s remarkable qualities make her an extraordinary source of inspiration. Her resilience in the face of adversity, kindness towards others, passion for learning, and unwavering integrity serve as a guiding light for me. As I navigate my own life, I aspire to emulate her virtues and honor the legacy of inspiration she has created.

Islamabad Police Constable Paper 2024

Explanation

انتہاپسندی ایک ایسی دماغی کیفیت نام ہے جس میں کوئی انسان ہر چیز اور ہر واقعہ کو ایک ہی زاویہ میں دیکھے اور اختلاف رائے کو بالکل برداشت نہ کرے۔انتہاپسندی کی سادہ سی تعریف کی جائے، تو اپنے عقائد،نظریات اور خیالات دیگر تمام عقائد پر مقدّم رکھنا اور انہی کے درست ہونے پر مصررہنا انتہا پسندی کہلاتی ہے- کسی بھی معاشرے میں انتہاپسندی کا وجود وہاں کے لوگوں کو دنیا و آخرت کی رسوائی کا مستحق بنا دیتا ہے۔ اگرچہ تاریخ انسانی کے آغاز سے ہی انتہا پسندی کا بھی آغاز ہو گیا تھا، جب اللّٰہ کے پہلے نبی حضرت آدم علیہ السّلام کے بیٹے قابیل نے اپنے بھائی ہابیل کو حسد کی بناء پر قتل کیا۔ ہر نبی کے دور میں مذہبی و نظریاتی اختلافات تشدد کا باعث بنتے رہے ۔ کبھی اللّٰہ کے رسولوں کی توہین ہوئی بعض دفعہ نبیوں کے ماننے والوں کو بھی ظلم و جبر کا نشانہ بنایا گیا۔ بنی اسرائیل نے تو ایک ایک دن میں کئی انبیاء کو قتل کیا۔، حتی کہ لوگوں نے اس بناء پر حضرت محمد صلی اللّٰہ وآلہ وسلّم کو اس حد تک اذیتیں دیں کہ آپ صلی اللّٰہ وآلہ وسلّم نے فرمایا” اتنا کسی نبی کو نہیں ستایا گیا جتنا مجھے ستایا گیا۔”

پس معلوم ہوا ہے کہ انسان ہر دور میں انتہا پسندی کا شکار رہے ہیں۔ یہی وجہ ہے کہ ایک ہی معاشرے میں مختلف الخیال لوگوں نے فکری اختلاف کو ذاتی اختلاف میں تبدیل کیا، اپنی بات کو دوسروں پر مسلط کرنے کے لیے تمام اخلاقی حدود کو عبور
کر کے معاشرتی اقدار کو اپنے پاؤں تلے روند دیا۔ انتہا پسندی معاشرے کے امن و سکون کو غارت کر دیتی ہے۔کسی بھی معاشرے میں انتہا پسندی کے بڑھنے کی کئی وجوہات ہو سکتی ہیں۔

معاشرے میں انتہا پسندی کے فروغ کے لیے سب سے بڑا ہاتھ معاشی صورتحال کا ہے ۔ تعلیم کو کسی بھی معاشرے میں قوم کی فلاح و بہبود کے لیے لازمی قرار دیا جاتا ہے۔ تعلیم کی اہمیت کے لیے ایک ہی مثال کافی ہے کہ جب اللّٰہ نے اپنی محبوب ہستی حضرت محمد صلی اللّٰہ وآلہ وسلّم کو پہلی وحی بھیجی تو وہ سارے علم و تعلیم پر تھی۔

تعلیم و قلم سے انکار نہیں لیکن جس ملک کی 28 فیصد عوام غربت کی لکیر سے نیچے کی زندگی گزارنے پر مجبور ہوں ، وہاں والدین اپنے بچوں کو اعلیٰ تعلیم کے لیے کیسے بھیج سکتے ہیں۔ لہٰذا بچوں کو ابتدائی تعلیم کے لیے مدارس میں بھیج دیا جاتا ہے۔ اگرچہ ہمارے بیشتر دینی مدارس دین کی فلاح و بہبود کے کاموں میں مصروف لیکن اس حقیقت سے انکار ممکن نہیں کہ بہت سے دینی مدارس ملک میں انتہا پسندی کے فروغ میں نمایاں کردار ادا کر رہے ہیں۔ دینی مدارس پر چھاپے مارے جاتے ہیں جہاں سے اسلحہ اور انتہا پسندی کو فروغ دینے والے لڑیچر برآمد ہوتے ہیں۔

ہمارے حکمران اور ریاست گزشتہ کئی دہائیوں سے جارحانہ رہی ہے۔ اس تعلیمی پالیسی کے زیر اثر تیار والی نسل کو وہ بطور ایندھن استعمال کرتے رہے ہیں۔تنگ نظری، اپنے مذہبی حریفوں سے نفرت،عدم برداشت جیسی عادتیں ہمارے مزاج کا حصہ بنتی رہیں۔ آج بھی پاکستان کا نظام تعلیم ایسا کوئی کردار ادا کرنے میں ناکام ہے کہ جس میں انسان کو سماجی شعور اور انسانی رویے فروغ پا سکیں۔ آج بھی ہمارا نصاب تعلیم رواداری ، انسان دوستی اور مسلمہ انسانی اقدار پر خاموش ہے اور ہم خطے میں امن ، سلامتی اور بھائی چارے کی فضا قائم کرنے میں ناکام رہے ہیں ۔ آج بھی ہمارے نصاب تعلیم فرسودہ ہے۔

انتہا پسندی کی ایک اہم قانون کی عملداری نہ ہونا بھی ہے ۔ کسی بھی معاشرے میں قوانین دراصل معاشرتی جرائم کی پیشگی روک تھام کے لیے بنائے جاتے ہیں اگر اس کے باوجود کوئی جرم کر بھی لے تو اسے قانون کی مطابق سزا دی جاتی ہے ۔ اگر کسی معاشرے میں قانون کی پاسداری نہ ہو تو وہاں انتہاپسندی کا فروغ یقینی ہوتا ہے ۔ایسے معاشرے میں ظالم طاقتور اور مظلوم کمزور ہوتا ہے۔
انتہا پسندی کی ایک اور اہم وجہ مذہبی ،لسانی اختلاف کو رنگ دے نفرتوں کو فروغ دیا گیا۔ جو رسول اللہ صلی اللّٰہ وآلہ وسلّم رحمت بنا کر بھیجے گئے، انہیں کی نام پر مذہبی اکثریتی طبقے کی طرف سے بعض اوقات اقلیتوں کے حقوق کو بھی روند دیا جاتا ہے ۔ ان کی عبادت گاہوں اور انسانوں کو زندہ جلا دیا جاتا ہے۔ انتہا پسندی کے اسں تدارک سے نکلنے کے لیے ضروری ہے کہ عوام الناس کو شعور و آگہی دی جائے ۔ مختلف مذاہب ، لسانی اور نسلی سے تعلق رکھنے والے والوں کے مابین بامقصد مباحث کا اہتمام کیا جائے تاکہ وہ آپس میں پائی جانے والی غلط فہمیوں کو دور کریں ۔

رشوت اور میرٹ کا قتل انتہا پسندی کے فروغ کے لیے اہم کردار ادا کر رہا ہے۔ اس کی وجہ نوجوان مایوسی کا شکار ہو رہے ہیں ، اور وہ سوچنے پر مجبور ہو جاتے ہیں کہ کسی انتہا پسندی کے گروپ میں شامل ہو کے اپنی محرومیوں کا ازالہ کریں۔ انتہا پسندی کسی مخصوص طبقے تک محدود نہیں بلکہ معاشرے کے ہر طبقے میں موجود ہے۔ ملک کی اہم سیاسی جماعتوں کا کہنا ہے کہ ان کے کارکنان ذرا بھی اختلاف رائے کو برداشت نہیں کرتے ۔ ان سیاسی جماعتوں کا دعویٰ ہے کہ ملک کے نوجوانوں کی اکثریت ان کی حامی ہے ۔ اگر ایسا ہے تو ہمارے نوجوان تہذیب کے دائرے سے کیوں نکل رہے ہیں؟ کیونکہ نوجوانوں کی اکثریت استحصال کا شکار ہیں اور جب کبھی کسی نے ان کو تبدیلی کا خواب دیکھایا تو وہ اس کی طرف نکل پڑتے ہیں۔

اگر ہم معاشرے کو انتہا پسندی سے پاک کرنا چاہتے ہیں تو ہمیں اپنے تعلیمی نظام کو از سر نو مرتب کرنا ہو گا اور اس میں ایسے ابواب شامل کرنے ہوں گے جس میں انتہا پسندی سے بچنے کے اصول شامل ہوں ۔ عرض یہ کہ اگر ہم سب مل کر انتہا پسندی تدارک کے لیے صدق نیت سے اقدامات کریں تو یقیناً ہر لمحہ اللّٰہ کی مدد کے حقدار ٹھہریں گے کیونکہ اللّٰہ نے سورہ مبارکہ نجم کی آیت مبارکہ 39 میں ارشاد فرمایا ہے کہ ” اور انسان کے لیے وہی کچھ ہے جس کے لیے وہ کوشش کرتا ہے۔

Explanation

غزوہ حنین آٹھ ہجری کو لڑی گئی۔

فتح مکہ (جسے فتح عظیم بھی کہا جاتا ہے) عہد نبوی کا ایک غزوہ ہے

جو 20 رمضان سنہ 8 ہجری بمطابق 10 جنوری سنہ 630 عیسوی کو پیش آیا،

اس غزوے کی بدولت مسلمانوں کو شہر مکہ پر فتح نصیب ہوئی اور اس کو اسلامی قلمرو میں شامل کر لیا گیا

Explanation

The ability to think in novel and unusual ways is called "Creativity."