Explanation

Ibn Sina (980-1037 CE) was a renowned Islamic philosopher and scholar who developed the theory of "Essential vs Accidental Existence".

This theory posits that existence can be categorized into two types:

• Essential existence (wujud bi-dhatihi): This refers to the necessary existence of God, which is inherent and self-sustaining.
• Accidental existence (wujud bi-ghayrihi): This refers to the contingent existence of created beings, which is dependent on God's will and sustenance.