Explanation

To find the smallest Bragg scattering angle, we can use Bragg's law:

2d sin(θ) = nλ

where d is the distance between the atomic planes, θ is the scattering angle, n is an integer (which is 1 for the smallest angle), and λ is the wavelength of the X-ray.

Given:

d = 0.3 nm

λ = 0.03 nm

Rearranging Bragg's law to solve for θ, we get:

sin(θ) = λ / (2d)

= 0.03 nm / (2 × 0.3 nm)

= 0.05

θ = arcsin(0.05)

≈ 2.9°