A submarine has circular windows of diameter 0.30m. The windows can experience a maximum external pressure of 660 kPa before they crack. What is the minimum external force needed to crack the windows?
Answer: 47000
Explanation
To find the minimum external force needed to crack the windows, we can use the formula:
Force (F) = Pressure (P) × Area (A)
Given:
P = 660 kPa = 660,000 Pa (converting kPa to Pa)
Diameter (d) = 0.30 m
Radius (r) = d/2 = 0.15 m
Area (A) = πr² = π(0.15)² ≈ 0.0707 m²
Now, calculate the force:
F = P × A ≈ 660,000 Pa × 0.0707 m² ≈ 46,662 N ≈ 47,000 N
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