For a pure semiconductor, the Fermi level is ?

For a pure semiconductor, the Fermi level is ?

Explanation

In a pure (intrinsic) semiconductor:

  • The number of electrons in the conduction band is equal to the number of holes in the valence band.

  • As a result, the Fermi level lies midway between the conduction band and the valence band.

  • This midpoint represents the energy level at which the probability of finding an electron is 50% at absolute zero.

This is a key difference from doped (extrinsic) semiconductors, where the Fermi level shifts depending on the type of doping (n-type or p-type).