Explanation

• The pumping of blood is an involuntary action, meaning it occurs automatically without conscious control.
• The heart pumps blood throughout the body without us having to think about it.

Involuntary actions are those that occur without conscious control, such as:

• Heartbeat
• Breathing (although we can control it voluntarily to some extent)
• Digestion
• Reflexes

Voluntary actions are those that require conscious control, such as:

• Walking
• Talking
• Writing
• Solving math problems