Explanation

An ulcer is a wound that fails to heal and often becomes chronic.

Unlike contaminated or infected wounds, ulcers persist over time with tissue loss.

Explanation

Ovariohysterectomy is removal of ovaries and uterus, used for sterilization, preventing estrous, and pyometra in females.

It cannot prevent prostate cancer, which is a male reproductive organ disease.

Explanation

Buffaloes are more susceptible to Hemorrhagic Septicemia, a severe bacterial disease caused by Pasteurella multocida.

It leads to high fever, swelling in the throat region, and sudden death if untreated.

Explanation

When an injection is not properly administered into the vascular lumen (e.g., misplaced or irritant solution leaks into surrounding tissues), the most immediate and common complication is:

Phlebitis:

Inflammation of the vein due to chemical irritation, mechanical trauma, or infection.

Symptoms: Pain, redness, swelling, and warmth along the vein.

Explanation

The standard incubation period for a chicken egg is 21 days under optimal temperature and humidity.

Hatching usually begins on day 21 if properly incubated.

Explanation

Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), not an H2-receptor antagonist.

Cimetidine and Ranitidine are classic H2-receptor antagonists.

While Fexofenadine is an H1-receptor antagonist (antihistamine).

Explanation

Gram staining is commonly used to identify Staphylococcus aureus, which appears as Gram-positive (purple) cocci in clusters.

This basic test helps differentiate it from other bacteria early in diagnosis.

Explanation

Aspirin inhibits the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, reducing prostaglandin synthesis.

This action lowers pain (analgesic) and fever (antipyretic).

Explanation

Milk fever (hypocalcemia) commonly causes paresis (muscle weakness) immediately after calving in buffaloes and cows.

It results from low blood calcium levels due to sudden demand for milk production.

Explanation

Staphylococcus aureus commonly enters the bovine udder during milking through teat canal contamination.

It is a major cause of mastitis in dairy cattle due to its ability to persist in the udder.