Explanation

• The Timeout Technique in classroom management involves removing an unruly student from the rest of the class for a brief period.
• This strategy aims to give the student a temporary break from the classroom environment, providing them with an opportunity to reflect on their behavior.

Explanation

• Perennialism in education is a philosophy that emphasizes the enduring and timeless aspects of knowledge.
• It suggests that school curricula should focus on subjects and content that are considered enduring, fundamental, and timeless throughout history.

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Autocratic leadership is a style where a leader makes decisions with little or no input from others and gives clear instructions to subordinates.

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Explanation

The sum of curricular and co-curricular activities is often referred to as a holistic education or well-rounded education. 

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• Formal education refers to the structured and systematic learning that takes place within established educational institutions, such as schools, colleges, and universities.

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Explanation

• In action research, pupils are considered as subjects, referring to individuals who are actively involved in the research process.
• Action research is a participatory and collaborative approach where teachers or educators engage in systematic inquiry to solve practical problems in their own educational settings.

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According to the philosophy of "Emergent Curriculum," the direction of learning is primarily driven by "Student interests and experience."

Explanation

The Common Core State Standards Initiative is a set of educational standards developed to outline what students should know and be able to do in English language arts and mathematics at each grade level from kindergarten through 12th grade in the United States.