Explanation

علامہ اقبال نے 1905 سے 1908 کے دوران یورپ کا قیام کیا۔

اس دوران انہوں نے کیمرج یونیورسٹی سے فلسفہ میں ڈگری حاصل کی،

لنکنز اِن سے وکالت کی تربیت مکمل کی،

اور جرمنی کی ہائیڈل برگ یونیورسٹی سے فلسفے میں ڈاکٹریٹ کی ڈگری حاصل کی۔ یورپ کے اس قیام نے ان کے فکری اور فلسفیانہ نظریات پر گہرا اثر ڈالا۔

Explanation

Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister, was the Indian leader who initially brought the Kashmir issue to the UN Security Council.

He formally lodged a complaint against Pakistan with the UN on January 1, 1948, following the outbreak of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. 

Explanation

The capital of the Mughal empire was shifted from Agra to Delhi by Shah Jahan in the year of 1638.

The new capital was officially named Shahjahanabad in 1648.

It is now known as Old Delhi. 

The architect behind the Taj Mahal, Ustad Ahmad Lahori, is credited with designing the Red Fort.

Explanation

BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is a firmware interface

They initialize and test a computer's hardware components during the booting process and provide a runtime environment for the operating system to load.

Key functions of BIOS include:

• Power-on self-test (POST) to check hardware functionality.
• Loading the bootloader to start the operating system.
• Providing basic control over hardware like the keyboard and display.

Explanation

• Before quitting music, Junaid Jamshed was part of the group "Vital Signs".
• Vital Signs was a Pakistani pop rock band formed in Rawalpindi in 1986. 
• The band gained a massive following and was known for their hit singles like "Dil Dil Pakistan" and "Tum Mil Gaye".
• The band members included Junaid Jamshed (vocalist), Rohail Hyatt (keyboardist and backing vocals), and Shehzad Hasan (bass guitarist).

Explanation

Their average height varies between 600 and 1200 meters,

Sub-Himalayan range of the northern Indian subcontinent.

Sub-Himalayas are also known as Siwalik or Outer Himalayas.

 The range spans the modern-day countries of :

1. Pakistan,
2. India,
3. Nepal,
4. and Bhutan.

Explanation

Alcohol is injurious to health.

شراب صحت کے لیے نقصان دہ ہے۔

The phrase "injurious to health" is commonly used to describe something that is harmful or damaging to one's health.

Explanation

 Concocted means  false or imaginary story — in Urdu, " من گھرت کہانی"

Explanation

بدھ مت کی بنیاد گوتم بدھ نے رکھی تھی۔

ان کا اصل نام سدھارتھ تھا۔

Explanation

She had got home at 7 when I phoned. She had been at her mother's home.

جب میں نے فون کیا تو وہ 7 بجے گھر پہنچی تھی۔ وہ اپنی ماں کے گھر گیا ہوا تھا۔

The past perfect tense ("had been") 

Had been" shows a past action that happened before another past action (she got home).