Explanation

SURPLUS means ضرورت سے زیادہ

In excess means ضرورت سے زیادہ

Explanation

ANCESTOR means باپ دادا

Forefathers means آباؤ اجداد

Explanation

Spill means پھیلنا

Spread means پھیلاؤ

Explanation

The unit of magnetic flux density is Wb m⁻² (weber per square meter).

It is commonly referred to as a tesla (T), which quantifies the strength of the magnetic field.

Explanation

During the isothermal process, the temperature remains constant throughout the process.

In an isothermal process, the temperature of the system stays constant while pressure and volume may change.

Explanation

In an AC generator, the emf will be maximum when the factor sinωt is equal to 1.

This occurs when the angle is 90°.

This resulting in the peak value of the sinusoidal emf.

Explanation

The step "Deionize the metal" is not used in calculating lattice energy in the Born-Haber cycle.

The correct steps include:

• Ionizing the metal
• Ionizing the non-metal
• Atomizing the metal
• Calculating the energy required to form the ionic bond

Deionization is not involved as lattice energy focuses on ion formation and attraction.

Explanation

Autotrophic mode of nutrition in organisms depends upon the photosynthesis mode.

Autotrophs, like plants and some bacteria, use sunlight to produce their own food by converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Explanation

Bone-forming cells are osteoblasts.

These cells are responsible for synthesizing and mineralizing bone during growth and healing processes.

Explanation

The bone that is NOT a bone of the upper limb is femur.

The femur is the thigh bone and is part of the lower limb.

Upper Limb Bones:

1. Humerus - Upper arm bone.
2. Radius - One of the two forearm bones, located on the thumb side.
3. Ulna - The other forearm bone, located on the side opposite the thumb.

Lower Limb Bones:

1. Femur - Thigh bone.
2. Tibia - Shin bone, larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones.
3. Fibula - The thinner bone of the lower leg, located alongside the tibia.