Robert Brown discovered the nucleus in plant cells.
It was first described by Franz Bauer in 1804 and in more detail in 1831 by Scottish botanist Robert Brown.
Sieve tubes and companion cells are absent in the phloem of pteridophytes.
Inflorescence: raceme-like. Flower: calyx 2--3 mm; corolla 10 mm wide,
white, lobes deep; anthers 1.4--2.2 mm; style 3--5 mm. Fruit: 6--8 mm, black. Seed: 1.5--2.5 mm.
Pneumatophores are specialized aerial roots found in mangrove species.
In some species, these roots are pencil-sized and peg whereas in some other species, they look like a knee.
These roots have numerous pores through which oxygen enters the underground tissues
Soil salinity is measured using a conductivity meter, which assesses the electrical conductivity of the soil.
During phase 1 of this cycle, the CO2 molecule is incorporated into one of two 3-phosphoglycerate molecules (3-PGA).
This process requires the enzyme RuBisCO and both ATP and NADPH.
Once 3-PGA is formed, one of two molecules formed continues into the reduction phase (phase 2).
Imbibation is the absorption of water by materials, leading to swelling, such as in door wood during the rainy season.
The Solanaceae family (e.g., tomatoes, peppers) typically produces berries.
Hatch and Slack Pathway In C4 Plants.
To fix carbon dioxide, this pathway is the alternate to the C3 cycle.
The first formed stable compound – oxaloacetic acid is a 4 carbon compound,hence the name C4 cycle.
This pathway is a common sight in several grasses, maize, sugarcane, amaranthus, sorghum.
Gibberellins are plant hormones that promote cell elongation, especially in internodal regions.
