Explanation

Hazrat Muawiya (R.A) triumphed over the Prophet Muhammad's son-in-law, ʿAlī, to become the fifth caliph

Ameer Muawiyah was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, serving from 661 until his death. (30 years)

Ameer Muawiyah Born: 602 AD, Mecca, Saudi Arabia

Ameer Muawiyah Died: 680 AD, in Damascus

***

Ummayyad Dynasty started in the year 661  First great Muslim dynasty in Damascus

The Umayyad dynasty ended 750 last great Muslim dynasties.

Caliph  

661–680 Mu'awiya I (first) 

744–750 Marwan II (last)

***

dynasty succeeded the leadership of the first four caliphs:

• Abū Bakr
• ʿUmar I,
• ʿUthmān,
• and ʿAlī. 

***

ND29-1-2023

ND5-2-2023

Explanation

The mercury barometer is the oldest type of barometer.

It was invented by the Italian physicist Evangelista Torricelli in 1643.

Explanation

Explanation

Acid rain is mainly caused by emissions of Sulfur dioxide and Nitrogen oxide in the atmosphere.

Acid rain mainly Causes health problem like Asthma.

Explanation

MI-5 is the United Kingdom's domestic counter-intelligence

MI5 stands for Military Intelligence, Section 5

Mi5 is also known as the Security Service

It was Formed on 7 October 1909 (as the Secret Service Bureau)

Its Headquarters is located in Thames House, London, United Kingdom

Explanation

Mark Rutte is the current Secretary General of NATO since October 2024

He has also served as the prime minister of Netherlands.

He replaced Jens Stoltenberg to become NATO Secretary General.

Explanation

Top three largest Arms exporters in the world

1. USA

2. Russia

3. France

Explanation

 خارج کرنے والا emitter 

List of Countries that Produce the Most Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

1.       China (28%) 

2.       United States (15%)

3.       India (7%)

4.       Russia (5%)

5.       Japan (3%)

(Rest of the World (21%)

6.       Germany (2%)

7.       Iran (2%)

8.       South Korea (2%)

9.       Saudi Arabia (2%)

10.   Indonesia (2%)

11.   Canada (2%)

12.   Mexico (1%)

13.   South Africa (1%)

Explanation

A man bought a flat for Rs.820,000. He borrowed 55% of this money from a bank. How much money did he borrow from the bank?

Total Amount = 820,000

Bought from Bank = 55%

               = 820,000 x 55/100

                               = 451,000

Explanation

IRON:

Symbol: Fe

Atomic mass: 55.845 u

Atomic number: 26

Electron configuration: [Ar] 3d64s2

Density: 7.874 g/cm³ (near room temperature)

Electrons per shell: 2, 8, 14, 2

Melting point: 1,538 °C