Explanation

Carbon dioxide (CO2) reacts with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2.

It is also known as lime water to form a white precipitate of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), which turns the solution milky:

Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O

This reaction is often used as a test for carbon dioxide.

Explanation

• The molarity (M) of a solution represents the number of moles of solute per liter of solution (not per liter of water).
• A lower molarity indicates a more dilute solution, which means it contains more water.

Explanation

The molar mass of H2SO4, also known as sulfuric acid, is 98 grams per mole (g/mol).

Explanation

Chlorine (Cl2) is a strong oxidizing agent, which means it can accept electrons from other substances and cause them to be oxidized.

Chlorine is a powerful oxidizer and is often used as a disinfectant or bleach.

Explanation

• Fluorine (F) has an atomic number of 9 and an electronic configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁵.
• To achieve a stable electronic configuration, two fluorine atoms share one electron each to form a covalent bond.
• Resulting in a configuration similar to that of neon (Ne), which is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶.

Explanation

• A hydrogen bond is a type of intermolecular force that arises between a highly electronegative atom (such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine).
• A hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom.
• This interaction is typically weak compared to covalent bonds.
• But it is strong enough to influence the physical and chemical properties of molecules.

Explanation

• As you move down a group in the periodic table, the atomic size increases.
• This means that the outermost electrons are farther away from the nucleus, making it easier for the atom to gain an extra electron.
• As a result, the electron affinity decreases down a group.

Explanation

• In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev proposed his periodic law, which states: "When the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass, certain sets of properties recur periodically."
• This law allowed him to create the first periodic table, where elements were arranged in a logical order based on their atomic masses and chemical properties.

Explanation

One Faraday (F) is equal to 96,500 Coulombs (C).

The Faraday is a unit of electric charge.

It represents the amount of charge required to deposit one mole of electrons (6.022 x 10^23 electrons) at an electrode.

Explanation

Chlorine (Cl) is a strong oxidizing agent.

It means it can accept electrons from other substances and cause them to be oxidized.