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Explanation

Independent assortment of genes and their corresponding traits was first observed by Gregor Mendel in 1865 during his studies of genetics in pea plants.

Explanation

Restriction enzymes are molecular scissors that cut DNA at specific sequences, a critical tool in molecular biology for gene cloning and DNA manipulation.

Explanation

The biogenetic law, also known as recapitulation theory, was proposed by Ernst Haeckel.

It suggests that the development of an organism (ontogeny) mirrors the evolutionary development of the species (phylogeny).

Explanation

Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis.

It acts as a cofactor for the enzymes involved in stabilizing and cross-linking collagen fibers

Which are vital for the structure of skin, blood vessels, and other connective tissues.

Explanation

The Paleozoic Era was a time of significant diversification of life, marked by the Cambrian Explosion, during which many major groups of animals first appeared in the fossil record.

Explanation

Cytosine does not form a bond with adenine because its hydrogen bond donors and acceptors are not complementary.

Cytosine typically forms three hydrogen bonds with guanine, whereas adenine forms two hydrogen bonds with thymine.

The patterns of hydrogen bonding in cytosine and adenine do not match, preventing the formation of a stable pair.

Explanation

Trilobites are an extinct group of marine arthropods that lived during the Paleozoic Era.

They are one of the earliest known groups of arthropods.

Explanation

Enzymes act as biological catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions in the body without being consumed in the process.

They are essential for various physiological processes, including digestion and metabolism.

Explanation

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body, making up 1.5 to 2% of the total body weight.

Approximately 1,200 g of calcium is present in the body of an adult human; more than 99% of that amount is found in bones.

Explanation

Spiders, ticks, and mites belong to the class Arachnida.

They are characterized by having eight legs and a body divided into two main segments.