Explanation

If someone has a head injury and shows any of these symptoms, call 999:

• Vomiting
• Sleepiness
• Confusion
• Other severe signs

Explanation

Reassure them and help them focus on their breathing, encouraging slow, deep breaths in through their nose and out through their mouth.

Stay with them, speak calmly, and offer support until the attack passes.

As leaving them alone or offering caffeine can exacerbate the situation.

Explanation

Move them to a safer place, away from objects that could cause injury.

Keep them comfortable and calm until the seizure ends, without restraining or holding them down.

Explanation

Treatment

Stop any bleeding. Apply pressure to the wound with a sterile bandage, a clean cloth or a clean piece of clothing.

Keep the injured area from moving. Don't try to realign the bone or push a bone that's sticking out back in. 

Apply ice packs to limit swelling and help relieve pain. 

Treat for shock.

Explanation

The first identification of a person who has consumed poison may be a change in their level of consciousness.

Such as drowsiness or falling asleep.

As many poisons can cause central nervous system depression.

Explanation

If a victim is in shock after a road accident, keep them warm and reassure them.

This helps stabilize their condition by maintaining body heat and calming their nerves until medical assistance arrives.

Explanation

To treat a burn caused by hot metal in a road accident, remove any clothing stuck to the burn.

This prevents further injury and allows for proper assessment and treatment of the burn.

Explanation

Check for danger, such as hazards like fire, smoke, or unstable vehicles, and ensure the scene is safe before approaching.

Then, check for victims and call for help, such as dialing emergency services or alerting someone else to call for assistance.

Explanation

Help them sit in a comfortable position and take their inhaler.

When someone has an asthma attack, their airways narrow, making it difficult for them to breathe.

An inhaler relaxes the muscles, allowing the airways to expand and ease their breathing.

Explanation

The palm of an adult's hand, including their fingers, is roughly equivalent to 1% of their total body surface area.

This is a useful way to estimate the size of a burn and determine whether it needs medical attention.

If a burn is larger than the palm of the person's hand, it's a good idea to seek medical help.