Explanation

Osmium is the densest naturally occurring element, with a density of approximately 22.59 g/cm³.

This makes it the highest density transition element, far exceeding the densities of elements like mercury and zinc.

Explanation

Explanation

Hydrogen has an atomic weight of 1.00794u and accounts for 75% of the universe,

Thus making it the lightest and most abundant element in the universe.

Explanation

The idea that characteristics acquired or lost during an organism's lifetime can be passed down to its descendants was proposed by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck.

This concept is part of Lamarck's theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Explanation

The chimera, also known as a ghost shark or ratfish, belongs to the class Holocephali.

This class is distinct from other cartilaginous fish like sharks and rays

It is characterized by having a:

• single gill cover
• a tooth structure adapted for crushing
• a lack of a spiracle
  

Explanation

• Drosophila melanogaster is favored in classical genetics research
• Because of its short life cycle, which allows for rapid generation of experimental results.
• Its easy handling in the laboratory makes it practical for large-scale genetic studies.
• Additionally, obvious characteristics such as distinct eye colors and wing shapes make it easier to observe and analyze genetic variations and inheritance patterns.
• These attributes make Drosophila an ideal model organism for studying fundamental genetic principles.
  

Explanation

Most bacteria have a haploid genome,

a single chromosome consisting of a circular,

double-stranded DNA molecule.

Explanation

Water vapor is directly related to humidity, which plays a crucial role in weather prediction. 

The amount of water vapor in the air significantly influences cloud formation, precipitation, and temperature. 

Therefore, measuring water vapor content is essential for weather forecasting. 

Explanation

Pertussis is commonly known as whooping cough. 

Explanation

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the gas used to carbonate beverages.

It dissolves in the liquid under pressure, creating bubbles and giving the drink its characteristic fizz.