Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

The Paleozoic Era was a time of significant diversification of life, marked by the Cambrian Explosion, during which many major groups of animals first appeared in the fossil record.

Explanation

• Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in spore-producing organisms, such as plants and fungi, to produce spores.
• In meiosis, a diploid spore mother cell (sporocyte) undergoes two successive cell divisions (meiosis I and meiosis II) to produce four haploid spores.

Explanation

Benefits of GMOs:

Higher Crop Yields: Engineered for drought/pest resistance (e.g., Bt cotton).

Disease Resistance: Vaccines/biotech crops (e.g., virus-resistant papaya).

Nutritional Enhancement: Golden Rice (vitamin A enriched).

Explanation

Sesamoid bones are extremely small bones found in within muscles or tendons (e.g., the kneecap or patella).

They protect tendons from stress and wear.

Explanation

Xylem transports water and dissolved mineral salts upward from the roots to the leaves.

It plays a key role in plant hydration and nutrient distribution for photosynthesis.

Explanation

Invertebrates are animals that do not have a backbone or spinal column. This group includes:

• Insects
• Arachnids (like spiders and scorpions)
• Crustaceans (like crabs and lobsters)
• Mollusks (like squids and octopuses)
• Echinoderms (like starfish and sea urchins)
• Worms

Explanation

Earthworms improve soil fertility by decomposing organic matter, making nutrients available to plants.

They enhance soil aeration and structure, acting as natural bio and living fertilizers.