Explanation

The atmosphere is the gaseous layer that surrounds the Earth.

It is composed mainly of nitrogen, oxygen, and trace gases.

It plays a crucial role in protecting life on Earth by filtering harmful radiation and regulating temperature.

Explanation

Dispersion occurs when white light passes through water droplets in the atmosphere, causing the light to spread out into its component colors (spectrum).

Each color of light bends by a different amount due to their different wavelengths, resulting in the formation of a rainbow.

Explanation

Primary pollutants are directly emitted from sources like vehicles and industries (e.g., NO₂, CO, SO₃).

SO₄ (Sulfate) is a secondary pollutant, formed through chemical reactions in the atmosphere.

Explanation

As elevation increases, there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing elevation.

Pressure measures force per unit area, with SI units of pascals (1 pascal = 1 newton per square metre, 1 N/m2).

Explanation

The air bubble in the water shines due to the phenomenon of total internal reflection

Explanation

Materials like cadmium and mercury are harmful and can cause serious health issues, so they are called toxic substances.

Toxic means poisonous or dangerous to living organisms.

Explanation

Answer:

It looks dark to astronauts. On the earth, the blue sky can be seen due to the existence of the atmosphere. The atmosphere blocks the rays of the sun and you can see the color of the sky. In the universe, because there is no atmosphere, the rays reach the astronomer's eyes without refraction and appear dark.

Explanation

The ultraviolent rays are filtered through Ozone Layer.

The ozone layer, often known as the ozone shield is a part of the Stratosphere.

ND12_8_2023

Explanation

Acid rain is called an "unseen plague" because its harmful effects on soil, water, and structures occur gradually and often go unnoticed at first.

It can silently damage ecosystems, corrode buildings, and acidify water bodies over years without immediate visible signs.

Explanation

Temperature: High during the day (often above 35°C or 95°F), cooler at night.

Rainfall: Very low, usually less than 250 mm (10 inches) per year.

Humidity: Low, making the air feel dry.

Examples: Sahara Desert (Africa), Arabian Desert (Middle East), parts of Arizona and Nevada (USA).

Vegetation is sparse, and plants/animals are adapted to conserve water.