Explanation

• Russia attacked Ukraine on 24 February 2022
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• On 24 February, before 5:00 a.m. Kyiv time, Putin announced a "special military operation" in eastern Ukraine and "effectively declared war on Ukraine."
• Russia retains control over 1.8% of the area around Kharkiv in the east of Ukraine
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• reason for Russia and Ukraine War 2022:
• Throughout 2021, bilateral tensions rose due to a Russian military buildup surrounding Ukrainian territory
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• The capital of Russia is: Moscow
• The area of Russia is 17.1 million km²
• The currency of Russia is: the Russian ruble
• The population of Russia is: 144.1 million (2020) World Bank
• The continent of Russia is: Europe, Asia

SH9-8-2023

Explanation

Hazrat Muawiya (R.A) triumphed over the Prophet Muhammad's son-in-law, ʿAlī, to become the fifth caliph

Ameer Muawiyah was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, serving from 661 until his death. (30 years)

Ameer Muawiyah Born: 602 AD, Mecca, Saudi Arabia

Ameer Muawiyah Died: 680 AD, in Damascus

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Ummayyad Dynasty started in the year 661  First great Muslim dynasty in Damascus

The Umayyad dynasty ended 750 last great Muslim dynasties.

Caliph  

661–680 Mu'awiya I (first) 

744–750 Marwan II (last)

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dynasty succeeded the leadership of the first four caliphs:

• Abū Bakr
• ʿUmar I,
• ʿUthmān,
• and ʿAlī. 

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ND29-1-2023

ND5-2-2023

Explanation

The UN Human Rights Committee monitors the implementation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) by its member states.

The United Nations Human Rights Committee is a treaty body composed of 18 experts.

It was established by a 1966 human rights treaty.

Explanation

Dormant means: غیر فعال

Active means: فعال

Explanation

Explanation

Harappa is situated along the banks of the Ravi River.

It is located in the Sahiwal district Punjab province of Pakistan.

The Harappan Civilization is also called as Indus Valley Civilization.

Explanation

 Holy Prophet (PBUH) and Hazrat Abu Bakar (R.A) took shelter in the Cave of Soor.

They found shelter for three days in Ghar e Soor 

They took refuge from the Quraysh

Allah (SWT) miraculously had a spider weave a web at the cave’s entrance on the third day of their stay

Ghar e Soor also known as Jabal al-thawr ( Cave of Thawr, Mount Thawr)

Located in the lower part of Makkah, Saudi Arabia

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About ABU BAKAR

Abu Bakr was a sahabi, a companion of Muhammad

He was the first Caliph of Islam.

He was also Muhammad's father-in-law through Aisha.

His real name was Abdullah or Abul-Kaaba and Abu Bakr was his kunya.

Hazrat Abu Bakar collected the Quran in the form of a book

Explanation

The 2023 UN Climate Change Conference will convene from 30 November to 12 December 2023 at Expo City Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).

COP28 will be the 28th United Nations Climate Change Conference

Participants: UNFCCC member countries

The conference has been held annually since the first UN climate agreement in 1992. 

Explanation

On June 2018 FATF added Pakistan to its gray list

Pakistan needs 12 votes out of 39 to exit the “grey" list and move up to join countries that do not require monitoring. 

Pakistan has been removed from the list after four years n 21 October 2022

 on Thursday FATF decided to retain Pakistan on its ‘Grey List’ till June 2021

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while 

On 24 February 2023, FATF added South Africa and Nigeria to its gray list

On 24 February 2023, FATF removed Cambodia and Morocco from its gray list

ND30-4-2023

Explanation

1. Jizya: A tax historically levied on non-Muslims living under an Islamic state, in exchange for protection and exemption from military service. It has no connection to prisoners.

2. Fidya: Compensation for failing to fulfill certain obligations like fasting. This is unrelated to imprisonment.

3. Ashar: A tithe (1/10th tax) on agricultural produce, unrelated to prisoners.

In Islam, prisoners are generally entitled to humane treatment and are not burdened with taxes for their captivity.

If there are costs incurred by a prisoner (e.g., restitution for crimes), this would be part of the judicial process and not termed as a "tax."